【familiar】在多语言下的意思、翻译、词源、用法、例句

英语(English)

词源(Etymology)

From Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”). Doublet of familial.

发音(Pronunciation)

• (UK) IPA^(key): /fəˈmɪl.i.ə/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /fəˈmɪl.jɚ/, /fəˈmɪl.i.ɚ/, /fɚˈmɪl.jɚ/
• (US)

形容词(Adjective)

familiar (comparative more familiar, superlative most familiar)

1. Known to one, or generally known; commonplace.
   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 20, in The China Governess‎^[1]:

     The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. No one queried it. It was in the classic pattern of human weakness, mean and embarrassing and sad.

   • 2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

     Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.

   There’s a familiar face; that tune sounds familiar.

2. Acquainted.

   I'm quite familiar with this system; she's not familiar with manual gears.

3. Intimate or friendly.

   We are on familiar terms now; our neighbour is not familiar

   • c. 1599–1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene iii]:

     Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar.

4. Inappropriately intimate or friendly.

   Don’t be familiar with me, boy!

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Camden to this entry?)

5. Of or pertaining to a family; familial.
   • 1822, Lord Byron, Werner

     familiar feuds

同义词(Synonyms)

• (acquainted): acquainted
• (intimate, friendly): close, friendly, intimate, personal
• (inappropriately intimate or friendly): cheeky, fresh, impudent

反义词(Antonyms)

• (known to one): unfamiliar, unknown
• (acquainted): unacquainted
• (intimate): cold, cool, distant, impersonal, standoffish, unfriendly

衍生词(Derived terms)

• overfamiliar
• familiarity
• familiarly

关联词(Related terms)

• familial

翻译(Translations)

名词(Noun)

familiar (plural familiars)

1. An attendant spirit, often in animal or demon form.
   • 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 75:

     The familiars of the magicians, on the other hand, were not in all cases evil, and often may have approximated the "guides" with whom present-day spiritualists are well acquainted.

   The witch’s familiar was a black cat.

2. (obsolete) A member of one's family or household.
3. A member of a pope's or bishop's household.
4. (obsolete) A close friend.
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy:[…], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, OCLC 54573970:
     , II.i.4.2:

     [A] friend of mine, that finding a receipt in Brassavola, would needs take hellebore in substance, and try it on his own person; but had not some of his familiars come to visit him by chance, he had by his indiscretion hazarded himself; many such I have observed.

5. (historical) The officer of the Inquisition who arrested suspected people.

同义词(Synonyms)

• nigget

翻译(Translations)

查看更多(See also)

• daimon (a tutelary spirit that guides a person)

查看更多(Further reading)

• Familiar in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

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Catalan

词源(Etymology)

From Latin familiāris.

形容词(Adjective)

familiar (masculine and feminine plural familiars)

1. familiar

衍生词(Derived terms)

• familiaritzar
• familiarment
• unifamiliar

关联词(Related terms)

• familiaritat

名词(Noun)

familiar m or f (plural familiars)

1. relative

关联词(Related terms)

• família

查看更多(Further reading)

• “familiar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “familiar” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “familiar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “familiar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Galician

词源(Etymology)

From Latin familiāris.

形容词(Adjective)

familiar m or f (plural familiares)

1. of family
2. close, familiar
3. daily, plain

名词(Noun)

familiar m (plural familiares)

1. relative

同义词(Synonyms)

• parente
• achegado

关联词(Related terms)

• familia
• familiaridade
• familiarizar

查看更多(Further reading)

• “familiar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

名词(Noun)

familiar m

1. indefinite plural of familie

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Portuguese

词源(Etymology)

From Latin familiāris.

发音(Pronunciation)

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /fɐ.mi.ˈljaʁ/

形容词(Adjective)

familiar m or f (plural familiares, comparable)

1. familiar (known to one)
2. of or relating to a family

衍生词(Derived terms)

• familiarmente

关联词(Related terms)

• familiaridade

名词(Noun)

familiar m (plural familiares)

1. (usually in the plural) relative (person in the same family)
2. familiar (attendant spirit)

   Synonym: espírito familiar

关联词(Related terms)

• família

查看更多(Further reading)

• “familiar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

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Spanish

词源(Etymology)

From Latin familiāris.

发音(Pronunciation)

• IPA^(key): /famiˈljaɾ/

形容词(Adjective)

familiar (plural familiares)

1. familial, family
2. close, familiar
3. daily, plain

衍生词(Derived terms)

名词(Noun)

familiar m (plural familiares)

1. relative, family member

   Synonym: miembro de la familia, pariente

关联词(Related terms)

• familia
• familiaridad
• familiarizar

查看更多(Further reading)

• “familiar” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.