【was】在多语言下的意思、翻译、词源、用法、例句
英语(English)
替代形式(Alternative forms)
词源(Etymology)
From Middle English was, from Old English wæs, from Proto-Germanic *was, (compare Scots was, West Frisian was (dated, wie is generally preferred today), Dutch was, Low German was, German war, Swedish var), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes- (“to reside”), whence also vestal. The paradigm of “to be” has been since the time of Proto-Germanic a synthesis of three originally distinct verb stems. The infinitive form be is from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to become”). The forms is and are are both derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”). Lastly, the past forms starting with w- such as was and were are from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes- (“to reside”).
发音(Pronunciation)
(stressed)
- (UK, General New Zealand) enPR: wŏz, wŭz, IPA(key): /wɒz/, /wʌz/
- (US) enPR: wŭz, wŏz, IPA(key): /wʌz/, /wɑz/
- (General Australian) enPR: wŏz, IPA(key): /wɔz/
Audio (US) - Rhymes: -ʌz, -ɒz
(unstressed)
动词(Verb)
was
- first-person singular simple past indicative of be.
- I was castigated and scorned.
- third-person singular simple past indicative of be.
- It was a really humongous slice of cake.
- 1915, John Millington Synge, The Playboy of the Western World, I:
- I killed my poor father, Tuesday was a week, for doing the like of that.
- 1996 August 1, George R.R. Martin, A Game of Thrones (A Song of Ice and Fire; 1), HarperCollins, →ISBN, OCLC 654895986, page 16:
- He saw it clear enough, now that the lordling had pointed it out. “They couldn't have froze. Not if the Wall was weeping. It wasn't cold enough."
- (now colloquial) Used in phrases with existential there when the semantic subject is (usually third-person) plural.
- There was three of them there.
- 1611, The Holy Bible,[…] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker,[…], OCLC 964384981, Gen 40:17:
- And in the vppermoſt baſket there was of all maner of †bake-meats foꝛ Pharaoh,and the birds did eat them out of the baſket vpon my head.
- (now colloquial or nonstandard) second-person singular simple past indicative of be.
- 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa, Letter 33:
- You was pleased to cast a favourable eye upon me.
- 1913, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Poison Belt:
- "Was you outside the Bank of England, sir?"
- 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa, Letter 33:
- (colloquial, nonstandard) first-person plural simple past indicative of be
- 2001, Darrel Rachel, The Magnolias Still Bloom, page 104:
- “What happened here, Hadley?” the chief asked. “We was robbed, damn it, we was robbed.”
衍生词(Derived terms)
查看更多(See also)
变位词(Anagrams)
Afrikaans
名词(Noun)
was (uncountable)
动词(Verb)
was
动词(Verb)
was (present was, present participle wassende, past participle gewas)
- to wash
Banda
名词(Noun)
was
来源参考(References)
- "Elat, Kei Besar" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
Dutch
发音(Pronunciation)
词源1(Etymology 1)
名词(Noun)
was m (plural wassen, diminutive wasje n)
- laundry, clothes that need to be washed, or just have been washed.
动词(Verb)
was
词源2(Etymology 2)
From Old Dutch *was, from Proto-Germanic *wahsą. Cognate with German Wachs, English wax, Danish voks, Swedish vax.
名词(Noun)
was m or n (plural wassen)
动词(Verb)
was
衍生词(Derived terms)
- bijenwas
- gewas
- uit de kluiten gewassen
- uitwas
词源3(Etymology 3)
动词(Verb)
was
变位词(Anagrams)
German
替代形式(Alternative forms)
- wat (colloquial in western and parts of northern Germany)
词源(Etymology)
From Middle High German waz, from Old High German waz, hwaz, from Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷod. Cognate with Bavarian was, wås, Silesian German woas (was), Dutch wat, English what, Danish hvad. More at what.
发音(Pronunciation)
代词(Pronoun)
was
- (interrogative) what
- Was machst du heute?
- What are you doing today?
- (relative) which (referring to the entire preceding clause)
- Sie tanzte gut, was er bewunderte.
- She was a good dancer, which he admired.
- (relative) that, which (referring to das, alles, etwas, nichts, and neuter substantival adjectives)
- Das ist alles, was ich weiß.
- That's all that I know.
- Das ist das Beste, was mir passieren konnte.
- That's the best that could have happened to me.
- (relative, colloquial) that, which (referring to neuter singular nouns, instead of standard das)
- Siehst du das weiße Haus, was renoviert wird?
- Do you see that white house, which is being renovated?
- (indefinite, colloquial) something, anything (instead of standard etwas)
- Ich hab was gefunden.
- I've found something.
- 2017, Simone Meier, Fleisch, Kein & Aber 2018, p. 39:
- Er wollte Anna was antun.
- He wanted to do something to Anna.
- Er wollte Anna was antun.
用法注意(Usage notes)
- Was is colloquially used with prepositions, chiefly but not exclusively in southern regions. Otherwise it is generally replaced with a pronominal adverb containing wo- (or in a few cases wes-). Hence: Womit hast du das gemacht? (“With what did you do that?”), instead of Mit was hast du das gemacht?, and weswegen instead of wegen was.
- The genitive case, and the dative case if necessary for clearness, can be paraphrased by means of welcher Sache (“what thing”). Possessive genitives are more commonly paraphrased with wovon (“of what”).
- The colloquial was meaning "something" can only be the first word in a sentence if followed by an adjective: Was Wichtiges fehlt noch. (“Something important is missing.”) Otherwise the full form etwas must be used: Etwas fehlt noch. (“Something is missing.”) The reason for this is that the latter sentence could be misinterpreted as a question if was were used.
同义词(Synonyms)
衍生词(Derived terms)
- komme, was wolle
- was ist dir; was ist Dir
- was kostet es
- was zum Geier; was zum Kuckuck
- tun, was man nicht lassen kann
- was auch immer
- was der Bauer nicht kennt, das frisst er nicht
- was geht
- was gibt's Neues
- was du nicht sagst; was ihr nicht sagt; was Sie nicht sagen
Determiner
was
- (archaic) what; what kind of
- 1718, Johann Caspar Schwartz, Johann Caspar Schwartzens Fünfftes Dutzend Wund-artzneyischer Anmerckungen von vielerley Arten der Geschwülste und Geschwüre, Hamburg, page 97:
- [...] denen Thieren und Gewächsen aber, von was Arten und Geschlechten selbige auch nur immer seyn mögen, [...]
- 1742, Johann Christoph Gottsched, Versuch einer Critischen Dichtkunst, Leipzig, page 442:
- Held August, du kühner Krieger! / Du bist der beglückte Sieger, / Vor, und in, und nach dem Fall. / Auf was Arten, auf was Weisen, / Soll man deine Thaten preisen / Hier und da, und überall?
- 1786, Johann Michael Schosulan, Gründlicher Unterricht für das Landvolk: Wie und auf was Weise jedermann seinen etrunkenen, erhängten, erstickten, erfrornen, von Hitze verschmachteten und von Blitz berührten unglücklichen Nebenmenschen Hülfe leisten, der Retter aber für sein eigenes Leben sich selbst sicher stellen solle., Wien, title:
- Wie und auf was Weise jedermann seinen [...] Nebenmenschen Hülfe leisten [...] solle.
- 1718, Johann Caspar Schwartz, Johann Caspar Schwartzens Fünfftes Dutzend Wund-artzneyischer Anmerckungen von vielerley Arten der Geschwülste und Geschwüre, Hamburg, page 97:
用法注意(Usage notes)
- In the dative and genitive feminine, the inflected form waser occurred.
同义词(Synonyms)
副词(Adverb)
was
- (colloquial) a little, somewhat
- Ich komm was später.
- I'll arrive a little later.
- (interrogative, colloquial) why, what for
Gothic
罗马化(Romanization)
was
- Romanization of 𐍅𐌰𐍃
Gros Ventre
名词(Noun)
was
Hunsrik
词源(Etymology)
From Middle High German waz, from Old High German waz, hwaz, from Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷod.
发音(Pronunciation)
代词(Pronoun)
was
- (interrogative) what
- Was machst-du?
- What are you doing?
- (relative) what
- Was-ich net esse, essd de Hund.
- What I don't eat, the dog eats.
- (indefinite) something, anything
- Noch was?
- Anything else?
查看更多(See also)
查看更多(Further reading)
Low German
动词(Verb)
was
- first-person singular simple past indicative of węsen
- third-person singular simple past indicative of węsen
- apocopated form of wasse (“wash”), second-person singular imperative of wassen (mainly used in the Netherlands, equivalent to other dialects' wasche/waske)
- apocopated form of wasse (“wax”), second-person singular imperative of wassen
- apocopated form of wasse (“grow”), second-person singular imperative of wassen
用法注意(Usage notes)
Notes on the verb węsen (to be): In recent times (~1800) the old subjunctive wer is used in place of was by many speakers. This might be the old subjunctive which is now used as a preterite or a reduction of weren, which is the preterite plural indicative of the verb. It might also be an imitation of the High German cognate war. Many smaller dialectal clusters do this, but no dialect does it. That means: even though there are many regions within e.g. Lower Saxony that use wer for was, maybe even the majority, there is no straight connection between them, i.e. which form is used can depend on preference, speaker and specific region. Due to this "one town this way, one town that way"-nature of the situation no form can be named "standard" for a greater dialect, such as Low Saxon.
Lower Sorbian
发音(Pronunciation)
代词(Pronoun)
was
Mayangna
名词(Noun)
was
来源参考(References)
- Smith, Ethnogeography of the Mayangna of Nicaragua, in Ethno- and historical geographic studies in Latin America: essays honoring William V. Davidson (2008), page 88: The location of 46 settlements from this list containing the term ”was" —meaning "water" or "stream" — were obtained[.]
Middle Dutch
动词(Verb)
was
中古英语(Middle English)
词源(Etymology)
From Old English wæs (first/third person singular indicative past of wesan), from Proto-Germanic *was (first/third person singular indicative past of *wesaną).
动词(Verb)
was
- First and third-person singular past indicative form of been
- (dialectal) Second-person singular past indicative form of been
- (dialectal) Plural past indicative form of been
派生词(Descendants)
Pennsylvania German
词源(Etymology)
Compare German was, Dutch wat, English what.
代词(Pronoun)
was
- (interrogative) what
Polish
发音(Pronunciation)
代词(Pronoun)
was
Scots
名词(Noun)
was
Seychellois Creole
词源(Etymology)
名词(Noun)
was
来源参考(References)
- Danielle D’Offay et Guy Lionnet, Diksyonner Kreol - Franse / Dictionnaire Créole Seychellois - Français
Somali
动词(Verb)
was
Spanish
词源(Etymology)
From WhatsApp
名词(Noun)
was m (plural was)
关联词(Related terms)
Tok Pisin
词源(Etymology)
动词(Verb)
was
- angel; any supernatural creature in heaven according to Christian theology
- 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, 3:24:
- God i rausim pinis man na meri, na em i makim ol strongpela ensel bilong sanap na was i stap long hap sankamap bilong gaden Iden. Na tu em i putim wanpela bainat i gat paia i lait long en na i save tanim tanim long olgeta hap. Oltaim ol dispela ensel wantaim dispela bainat i save was i stap, nogut wanpela man i go klostu long dispela diwai bilong givim laip.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
Welsh
名词(Noun)
was
- Soft mutation of gwas.
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
gwas | was | ngwas | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English non-lemma forms
- English verb forms
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- English colloquialisms
- English nonstandard terms
- English auxiliary verb forms
- English basic words
- English irregular first-person singular forms
- English irregular simple past forms
- English irregular third-person singular forms
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans nouns
- Afrikaans uncountable nouns
- Afrikaans non-lemma forms
- Afrikaans verb forms
- Afrikaans verbs
- Banda lemmas
- Banda nouns
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch verb forms
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch neuter nouns
- Dutch nouns with multiple genders
- nl:Laundry
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German pronouns
- German interrogative pronouns
- German relative pronouns
- German terms with usage examples
- German colloquialisms
- German determiners
- German terms with archaic senses
- German adverbs
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Gros Ventre lemmas
- Gros Ventre nouns
- Hunsrik terms inherited from Middle High German
- Hunsrik terms derived from Middle High German
- Hunsrik terms inherited from Old High German
- Hunsrik terms derived from Old High German
- Hunsrik terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Hunsrik terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Hunsrik terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Hunsrik terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hunsrik terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hunsrik lemmas
- Hunsrik pronouns
- Hunsrik terms with usage examples
- Low German non-lemma forms
- Low German verb forms
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian non-lemma forms
- Lower Sorbian pronoun forms
- Mayangna lemmas
- Mayangna nouns
- Middle Dutch non-lemma forms
- Middle Dutch verb forms
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English non-lemma forms
- Middle English verb forms
- Middle English first/third-person singular past forms
- Middle English dialectal terms
- Middle English second-person singular past forms
- Middle English plural past forms
- Pennsylvania German lemmas
- Pennsylvania German pronouns
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish pronoun forms
- Scots non-lemma forms
- Scots noun plural forms
- Seychellois Creole terms derived from French
- Seychellois Creole lemmas
- Seychellois Creole nouns
- Somali lemmas
- Somali verbs
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish terms spelled with W
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Tok Pisin terms inherited from English
- Tok Pisin terms derived from English
- Tok Pisin lemmas
- Tok Pisin verbs
- Tok Pisin terms with quotations
- Welsh non-lemma forms
- Welsh mutated nouns
- Welsh soft-mutation forms