万维词典

【a】在多语言下的意思、翻译、词源、用法、例句

See also: A, ᴀ, and Appendix:Variations of "a"

a U+0061, a
LATIN SMALL LETTER A
← `
[U+0060] 		Basic Latin b →
[U+0062]
ａ U+FF41, ａ
FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER A
← ｀
[U+FF40] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｂ →
[U+FF42]

(Translingual)

词源1(Etymology 1)

Approximate form of Greek upper case Α (a, “alpha”) that was the source for both common variants of a Modification of capital A.

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (letter, most languages): IPA(key): /ɑː/, /a/
  • IPA

字母(Letter)

a (upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. Used in the International Phonetic Alphabet and several romanization systems of non-Latin scripts to represent an open front unrounded vowel.

查看更多(See also)

查看更多(Further reading)

词源2(Etymology 2)

Abbreviation of atto-, from Danish atten (“eighteen”).

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. atto-, prefix for 10-18 in the International System of Units.

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Latin annum or annus.

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. Year as a unit of time, specifically a Julian year or 365.25 days.

词源4(Etymology 4)

Abbreviation of are, from French are.

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. An are, a unit of area one hundredth of a hectare; ares.

Etymology 5

Abbreviation for acceleration

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. (physics) acceleration

Other representations of A:

演示(Gallery)

  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions of A, in normal and italic type

    Uppercase and lowercase versions of A, in normal and italic type

  • Uppercase and lowercase A in Fraktur

    Uppercase and lowercase A in Fraktur

  • Approximate form of Greek uppercase Α (a, “alpha”), the source of both common variants of a A in uncial script

    Approximate form of Greek uppercase Α (a, “alpha”), the source of both common variants of a A in uncial script

英语(English)

词源1(Etymology 1)

Runic letter ᚫ (a, “ansuz”), source for Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letters replaced by a
Runic letter ᚫ (a, “ansuz”), source for Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letters replaced by a

From Middle English and Old English lower case letter a and split of Middle English and Old English lower case letter æ.

  • Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚪ (a, “āc”) Old English lower case letter a from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case letter a of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚪ (a, “āc”), derived from Runic letter ᚫ (a, “Ansuz”).
  • Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter æsc (æ) Old English lower case letter æ from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case ligature æ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚫ (æ, “æsc”), also derived from Runic letter ᚫ (a, “Ansuz”).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (letter name)
    The current pronunciation resulted from the Great Vowel Shift. Before the early part of the 17th century, the pronunciation was similar to that in other languages.
  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /æ/, /ɑː/, /eɪ/, etc.

字母(Letter)

a (lowercase, uppercase A, plural as or a's)

  1. The first letter of the English alphabet, written in the Latin script.
用法注意(Usage notes)
衍生词(Derived terms)
查看更多(See also)

数字化(Numeral)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The ordinal number first, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.

名词(Noun)

a (plural aes)[1]

  1. The name of the Latin script letter A / a.
替代形式(Alternative forms)
衍生词(Derived terms)
  • a-okay
翻译(Translations)
See a/translations § Noun.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Middle English a, an, from Old English ān (“one; a; lone; sole”). The "n" was gradually lost before consonants in almost all dialects by the 15th century.

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (stressed) IPA(key): /ˈeɪ/
  • (unstressed) IPA(key): /ə/
  • Audio (US), stressed
  • Audio (US), unstressed
  • Rhymes: -eɪ, -ə
  • Homophone: her (non-rhotic, unstressed)

Article

a (indefinite)

  1. One; any indefinite example of; used to denote a singular item of a group. [from before 1150][2]
    There was a man here looking for you yesterday.
    • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page vii:
      With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get[…]
    • 2005, Emily Kingsley (lyricist), Kevin Clash (voice actor), “A Cookie is a Sometime Food”, Sesame Street, season 36, Sesame Workshop:
      Hoots the Owl: Yes a, fruit, is a [sic], any, time, food!
    • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
      Anna, do you have a pen? — Yes. I have a pen in my bag. I have a (stressed) …
      Audio (US)
  2. Used in conjunction with the adjectives score, dozen, hundred, thousand, and million, as a function word.
    I've seen it happen a hundred times.
  3. One certain or particular; any single. [from ca. 1150—1350][2]
    We've received an interesting letter from a Mrs. Miggins of London.
  4. The same; one. [16th Century][2]
    We are of a mind on matters of morals.
  5. Any, every; used before a noun which has become modified to limit its scope;[1] also used with a negative to indicate not a single one.[3]
    A man who dies intestate leaves his children troubles and difficulties.
    He fell all that way, and hasn't a bump on his head?
  6. Used before plural nouns modified by few, good many, couple, great many, etc.
  7. Someone or something like; similar to;[3] Used before a proper noun to create an example out of it.
    The center of the village was becoming a Times Square.
用法注意(Usage notes)
Main appendix: English articles#Indefinite articles
  • In standard English, the article a is used before consonant sounds, while an is used before vowel sounds; for more, see the usage notes about an.
衍生词(Derived terms)
翻译(Translations)
See an/translations § Article.
查看更多(See also)

词源3(Etymology 3)

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. To do with separation; In, into. [from before 1150][2]
    Torn a pieces.
  2. To do with time; Each, per, in, on, by. [from before 1150][2]
    I brush my teeth twice a day.
  3. To do with status; In. [from before 1150][2]
  4. (archaic) To do with position or direction; In, on, at, by, towards, onto. [from before 1150][2]
    Stand a tiptoe.
  5. (archaic) To do with process, with a passive verb; In the course of, experiencing. [from before 1150][2]
  6. (archaic) To do with an action, an active verb; Engaged in. [16th c.][2]
  7. (archaic) To do with an action/movement; To, into. [16th c.][2]
  8. (obsolete) To do with method; In, with. [from before 1150][2]
  9. (obsolete) To do with role or capacity; In. [from before 1150][2]
    A God’s name.
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • (position, direction): Can also be attached without a hyphen, as aback, ahorse, afoot. See a-
  • (separation): Can also be attached without hyphen, as asunder. See a-
  • (status): Can also be attached without hyphen, as afloat, awake. See a-.
  • (process): Can also be attached with or without hyphen, as a-changing
查看更多(See also)

词源4(Etymology 4)

From Middle English a, ha contraction of have, or haven.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

a

  1. (archaic or slang) Have. [between 1150 and 1350, continued in some use until 1650; used again after 1950]
    I'd a come, if you'd a asked.
    Oi'd a gen im a clout, if oi'd been theer.
    from Robert Holland, M.R.A.C., A Glossary of Words Used in the County of Chester, Part I--A to F., English Dialect Society, London, 1884, 1
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Now often attached to preceding auxiliary verb. See -a.
衍生词(Derived terms)

Etymology 5

From Middle English a, a reduced form of he (“he”)/ha (“he”), heo (“she”)/ha (“she”) and ha (“it”) (as well as of hie, hie (“they”)).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. (obsolete outside England and Scotland dialects) He, or sometimes she, it. [1150–1900][2] (clarification of this definition is needed)

Etymology 6

From Middle English of, with apocope of the final f and vowel reduction.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • o', o (preposition)

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. (archaic or slang) Of.
    The name of John a Gaunt.
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Often attached without a hyphen to preceding word.

Etymology 7

From Northern Middle English aw, alteration of all.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

副词(Adverb)

a (not comparable)

  1. (chiefly Scotland) All. [from ca. 1350—1470]

形容词(Adjective)

a (not comparable)

  1. (chiefly Scotland) All. [from ca. 1350—1470]

Etymology 8

Symbols

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. Distance from leading edge to aerodynamic center.
  2. specific absorption coefficient
  3. specific rotation
  4. allele (recessive)

Etymology 9

副词(Adverb)

a

  1. (crosswords) across
    Do you have the answer for 23a?
  2. (chiefly US) Alternative spelling of a.m. (“ante meridiem”) or am

Etymology 10

Particle

a

  1. Alternative form of -a (“empty syllable added to songs, poetry, verse and other speech”)
    • 2001, Louis F. Newcomb, Car Salesman: A Legacy, iUniverse (→ISBN), page 91:
      “I show a you right a here I can fuck a you.” “Is she crazy?” I asked Wyman.

Etymology 11

Borrowed from Russian а (a).

名词(Noun)

a

  1. The name of the Cyrillic script letter А / а.

Etymology 12

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. ah; er (sound of hesitation)
    • 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair[…], London: Bradbury and Evans[…], published 1848, OCLC 3174108:
      "We will resume yesterday's discourse, young ladies," said he, "and you shall each read a page by turns; so that Miss a—Miss Short may have an opportunity of hearing you"; and the poor girls began to spell a long dismal sermon delivered at Bethesda Chapel, Liverpool, on behalf of the mission for the Chickasaw Indians.

Etymology 13

Abbreviations.

  1. (stenoscript) a word-initial letter ⟨a⟩.
  2. (stenoscript) the long vowel /eɪ/ at the end of a word, or before a final consonant that is not /dʒ, v, z/. (Note: the final consonant is not written; [ɛə˞] counts as /eɪr/.)
    Thus the word a, plus its inflection an.
  3. (stenoscript) the word A.M..
  4. (stenoscript) the prefix ad-.

Quotations

Additional quotations for any terms on this page may be found at Citations:a.

来源参考(References)

  • Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief; William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “a”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 1.
  • Philip Babcock Gove (editor), Webster's Third International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (G. & C. Merriam Co., 1976 [1909], →ISBN)
  • “a” in Christine A. Lindberg, editor, The Oxford College Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Spark Publishing, 2002, →ISBN, page 1.
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gove, Philip Babcock, (1976)
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 Brown, Lesley, (2003)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lindberg, Christine A. (2007)

查看更多(Further reading)

Abau

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /a/

名词(Noun)

a

  1. house

Afar

发音(Pronunciation)

Determiner

á

  1. this, these (masculine)

查看更多(See also)

See Template:aa-demonstrative determiners.

来源参考(References)

  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “a”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[4], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Albanian

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

Conjunction

a

  1. or
  2. there

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Proto-Albanian *(h)an, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en (“there”). Cognate with Latin an (“yes, perhaps”). Interrogative particle, usually used proclitically in simple sentences.

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

a

  1. probably, perhaps
  2. whether

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Standard Albanian Latin-script alphabet.

查看更多(See also)

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir (1998), “a part. ('whether'), conj. ('or')”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 1

Ama

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

a

  1. tree

Anguthimri

动词(Verb)

a

  1. (transitive, Mpakwithi) to pull

来源参考(References)

  • Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 184

Aragonese

词源(Etymology)

From Latin illa.

Article

a f sg

  1. the
    a luenga aragonesa ― the Aragonese language

Asturian

词源(Etymology)

From Latin ad.

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. to, towards

衍生词(Derived terms)

名词(Noun)

a f

  1. a (the name of the letter A, a)

Azerbaijani

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

Bambara

Article

a

  1. the (definite article).

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. ah (expression of surprise)
  2. eh (expression of reluctance)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. they, them (plural)
  2. he, she, they (singular)

同义词(Synonyms)

  • (they): u

Basque

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Basque alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

名词(Noun)

a (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter A.

查看更多(See also)

Bavarian

词源1(Etymology 1)

Cognate with German ein and eine.

发音(Pronunciation)

Article

a

  1. a
查看更多(See also)
Bavarian articles
  • oa (“one”, determiner)

词源2(Etymology 2)

Unstressed form of ea

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. he
查看更多(See also)
Bavarian personal pronouns

词源3(Etymology 3)

Cognate with German auch.

副词(Adverb)

a

  1. Alternative form of aa: also, too, as well

Belizean Creole

Preposition

a

  1. of

来源参考(References)

  • Crosbie, Paul, ed. (2007), Kriol-Inglish Dikshineri: English-Kriol Dictionary. Belize City: Belize Kriol Project, p. 19.

Big Nambas

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. in

来源参考(References)

Cameroon Pidgin

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. Alternative spelling of I (“1st person singular subject personal pronoun”)

Catalan

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Catalan alphabet, written in the Latin script.
衍生词(Derived terms)
  • no saber ni la a
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Latin ad.

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. in, at; indicating a particular time or place
    Sóc a Barcelona.
    I am in Barcelona.
  2. to; indicating movement towards a particular place
    Vaig a Barcelona.
    I'm going to Barcelona.
  3. to; indicating a target or indirect object
    Escric una carta a la meva àvia.
    I'm writing my grandmother a letter.
  4. per
  5. by
    dia a dia.
    day by day.
用法注意(Usage notes)

When the preposition a is followed by a masculine definite article, el or els, it is contracted with it to the forms al and als respectively. If el would be elided to the form l’ because it is before a word beginning with a vowel, the elision to a l’ takes precedence over contracting to al.

The same occurs with the salat article es, to form as except where es would be elided to s’.

衍生词(Derived terms)

Chayuco Mixtec

词源(Etymology)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

a

  1. or

来源参考(References)

  • Pensinger, Brenda J. (1974) Diccionario mixteco-español, español-mixteco (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 18)‎[5] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Educación Extraescolar en el Medio Indígena, pages 3, 110

Chibcha

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

a

  1. open mouth
  2. smell, taste

来源参考(References)

  • Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.

Choctaw

Conjunction

a

  1. yes

Chuukese

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. he
  2. she
  3. it

形容词(Adjective)

a

  1. he is
  2. she is
  3. it is

关联词(Related terms)

Present and past tense Negative tense Future Negative future Distant future Negative determinate
Singular First person ua use upwe usap upwap ute
Second person ka, ke kose, kese kopwe, kepwe kosap, kesap kopwap, kepwap kote, kete
Third person a ese epwe esap epwap ete
Plural First person aua (exclusive)
sia (inclusive)		 ause (exclusive)
sise (inclusive)		 aupwe (exclusive)
sipwe (inclusive)		 ausap (exclusive)
sisap (inclusive)		 aupwap (exclusive)
sipwap (inclusive)		 aute (exclusive)
site (inclusive)
Second person oua ouse oupwe ousap oupwap oute
Third person ra, re rese repwe resap repwap rete


Cimbrian

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • an (Sette Comuni)

词源(Etymology)

From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain.

Article

a (oblique masculine an)

  1. (Luserna) a, an
    Maria iz a lavròunaren. ― Maria is a Lavaronese.

来源参考(References)

Coatepec Nahuatl

名词(Noun)

a

  1. water

Cornish

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

a

  1. Marks the following verb to the preceding subject.

Preposition

a

  1. of (expressing separation, origin, composition/substance or a quality)
  2. of (between a preceding large number and a following plural noun to express quantity)
  3. from (indicating provenance)

Inflection

  Standard Cornish
Singular Plural
First person ahanaf ahanan
Second person ahanas ahanowgh
Third person anodho (m)
anedhy (f)		 anodhans, anedha

Corsican

词源(Etymology)

From the earlier la.

发音(Pronunciation)

Article

a f (masculine u, masculine plural i, feminine plural e)

  1. the (feminine)

用法注意(Usage notes)

  • Before a vowel, a turns into l'

代词(Pronoun)

a f

  1. her, it (direct object)

用法注意(Usage notes)

  • Before a vowel, a turns into l'

查看更多(See also)

Corsican personal pronouns

来源参考(References)

  • “a” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

Czech

词源(Etymology)

From Old Czech a, from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō.

发音(Pronunciation)

Conjunction

a

  1. and

查看更多(Further reading)

  • a in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • a in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Dalmatian

词源(Etymology)

From Latin ad.

Preposition

a

  1. to
  2. at

Danish

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /æː/, [ˈæːˀ]
  • Rhymes: -æː
  • Audio (Copenhagen)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Danish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /æː/, [ˈæːˀ]
  • Rhymes: -æː
  • Audio (Copenhagen)

名词(Noun)

a n (singular definite a'et, plural indefinite a'er)

  1. The name of the letter A or a.
Inflection
Declension of a

词源3(Etymology 3)

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • à (unofficial but common)

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. of, of...each, each containing
  2. at
  3. to, or

词源4(Etymology 4)

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /æː/, [ˈæːˀ]
  • Rhymes: -æː
  • Audio (Copenhagen)

动词(Verb)

a

  1. imperative of ae

Dutch

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /aː/
  • Audio

词源1(Etymology 1)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Middle Dutch â, from Old Dutch ā, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • aa (especially in names)
  • ie

名词(Noun)

a f (plural a's, diminutive aatje)

  1. (archaic) a stream or water
关联词(Related terms)

查看更多(Further reading)

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Middle Dutch jou, from Old Dutch

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. (Brabant) you
同义词(Synonyms)

Egyptian

罗马化(Romanization)

a

  1. Manuel de Codage transliteration of ꜥ.

Emilian

词源(Etymology)

From Latin ego (“I”).

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a (personal, nominative case)

  1. I
  2. we
  3. you (plural)

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • Becomes aj- before a vowel (proclitic).
  • Becomes -ja when acting as an enclitic.

关联词(Related terms)

Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)

Esperanto

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Esperanto alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

名词(Noun)

a (accusative singular a-on, plural a-oj, accusative plural a-ojn)

  1. The name of the Latin script letter A/a.

查看更多(See also)

Estonian

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Estonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

名词(Noun)

a

  1. Abbreviation of aasta; year

Conjunction

a

  1. (colloquial, in fast speech) but

查看更多(See also)

查看更多(Further reading)

Fala

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Old Portuguese á, from Latin illa (“that”).

Article

a f sg (plural as, masculine u or o, masculine plural us or os)

  1. Feminine singular definite article; the
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
      A grandeda da lengua española é indiscotibli, i sei estudio, utilización defensa debin sel algo consostancial a nos, […]
      The greatness of the Spanish language is unquestionable, and its study, use and defense must be something consubstantial to us, […]

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. Third person singular feminine accusative pronoun; her
查看更多(See also)
Fala personal pronouns

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Old Portuguese a, from Latin ad (“to”).

Preposition

a

  1. to
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
      A grandeda da lengua española é indiscotibli, i sei estudio, utilización defensa debin sel algo consostancial a nos, […]
      The greatness of the Spanish language is unquestionable, and its study, use and defense must be something consubstantial to us, […]

来源参考(References)

  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu [Fala Dictionary]‎[6], CIDLeS, →ISBN, page 36

Faroese

词源(Etymology)

From Latin a.

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

Finnish

词源1(Etymology 1)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Finnish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

名词(Noun)

a

  1. (music) A (note)
用法注意(Usage notes)

Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

变化形式(Declension)
Declension of a (type maa)

French

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

名词(Noun)

a m or f (plural as)

  1. a, the name of the Latin-script letter A

衍生词(Derived terms)

词源2(Etymology 2)

Quebec eye-dialect spelling of elle.

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a f

  1. (Quebec, colloquial) alternative form of elle (“she”)
    C'te fille-là, a'a l'air cute.
    This girl, she looks cute.

词源3(Etymology 3)

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

a

  1. third-person singular present indicative of avoir
    Elle a un chat.
    She has a cat.

查看更多(See also)

查看更多(Further reading)

Fula

词源1(Etymology 1)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.
用法注意(Usage notes)
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. you (second person singular subject pronoun; short form)
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).
  • Used in all conjugations except the affirmative non-accomplished, where the long form is used instead.
查看更多(See also)
  • aɗa (second person singular subject pronoun; long form), hiɗa (variant used in the Pular dialect of Futa Jalon)
  • aan (emphatic form)

Galician

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin ad (“to, toward”).

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /a̝/

Preposition

a

  1. to, toward; indicating direction of motion
  2. introducing an indirect object
  3. used to indicate the time of an action
  4. (with de) to, until; used to indicate the end of a range
    de cinco a oito ― from five to eight
  5. by, on, by means of; expresses a mode of action
    a pé ― on foot
  6. for; indicates price or cost
用法注意(Usage notes)

The preposition a regularly forms contractions when it precedes the definite article o, a, os, and as. For example, a o ("to the") contracts to ao or ó, and a a ("to the") contracts to á.

衍生词(Derived terms)
at/to + the table
- Singular Plural
Masculine ao (ó) aos (ós)
Feminine á ás

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Old Portuguese a, from Latin illa, feminine of ille (“that”).

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /a̝/

Article

a f (masculine singular o, feminine plural as, masculine plural os)

  1. (definite) the
用法注意(Usage notes)

The definite article o (in all its forms) regularly forms contractions when it follows the prepositions a (“to”), con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”). For example, con a (“with the”) contracts to coa, and en a (“in the”) contracts to na.

Also, the definite article presents a second form that could be represented as <-lo/-la/-los/-las>, or either lack any specific representation. Its origin is in the assimilation of the last consonant of words ended in -s or -r, due to sandhi, with the /l/ present in the article in pre-Galician-Portuguese period. So Vou comer o caldo or Vou come-lo caldo are representations of /ˈβowˈkomelo̝ˈkaldo̝/ ("I'm going to have my soup"). This phenomenon, rare in Portuguese, is already documented in 13th century Medieval Galician texts, as the Cantigas de Santa Maria.[1]

衍生词(Derived terms)

词源3(Etymology 3)

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /ˈa/

名词(Noun)

a m (plural as)

  1. a (name of the letter A, a)

词源4(Etymology 4)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. accusative of ela

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ Vaz Leão, Ângela (2000), “Questões de linguagem nas Cantigas de Santa Maria, de Afonso X”, in Scripta‎[1], volume 4, issue 7, DOI:10.5752/P.2358-3428, retrieved 16 November 2017, pages 11-24

German

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the German alphabet, written in the Latin script.

名词(Noun)

a n (strong, genitive a or as, plural a or as)

  1. Alternative form of A

词源2(Etymology 2)

名词(Noun)

a

  1. Abbreviation of a-Moll.
  2. Abbreviation of Ar.

Gilbertese

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /a/

数字化(Numeral)

a

  1. four

Gothic

罗马化(Romanization)

a

  1. Romanization of 𐌰

Grass Koiari

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. you (singular)

来源参考(References)

  • 2010, Terry Crowley & Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics, fourth edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 142.

Gun

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

à

  1. you (second-person singular personal pronoun)

Haitian Creole

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /a/

Article

a

  1. the, definite article

用法注意(Usage notes)

This term only follows words that end with an oral (non-nasal) consonant and an oral vowel in that order, and can only modify singular nouns.

查看更多(See also)

Hawaiian

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /aː/

Conjunction

a

  1. and (used between sentences)
  2. until, up to

Preposition

a

  1. of, belonging to

用法注意(Usage notes)

  • Used for acquired possessions, while o is used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars).

Hungarian

词源1(Etymology 1)

See az.

发音(Pronunciation)

Article

a (definite)

  1. the
    a hölgy ― the lady
  2. (before some time phrases) this
    a héten ― (during) this week
用法注意(Usage notes)

Used before words starting with a consonant.

关联词(Related terms)
  • az (for words starting with a vowel sound)

代词(Pronoun)

a (demonstrative)

  1. (in reduplicated constructions formed with postpositions) that
    A mellett a ház mellett vártam rá. ― I waited for him/her next to that house.

Determiner

a (demonstrative)

  1. (rare, only in consonant-initial fixed phrases, with zero article) Alternative form of az (“that”).
    Foglalja össze, miről szóltak az a heti beszédek és leckék.[1] ― Summarize what that week’s sermons and lessons were about.
    November 12-én, az a havi frissítőkedden jelenhet meg. ― It may be released on November 12th, on the Patch Tuesday of that month.
    Kérjük szíves tájékoztatásukat a tekintetben, hogy… (= abban a tekintetben, see az) ― We kindly request your information in that [= the] aspect…
    amondó vagyok, hogy… ― I am of the opinion that…, what/all I can / want to say is that… (literally, “I am that-sayer/-saying…”)

词源2(Etymology 2)

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (letter or phoneme itself): IPA(key): [ˈɒː][2]
  • (identifier or musical note): IPA(key): [ˈaː] (in the names of minor scales; see also A)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Hungarian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (music) designation of the sixth note from C and the corresponding tone
衍生词(Derived terms)

查看更多(See also)

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ a heti at e-nyelv.hu
  2. ^ Siptár, Péter and Miklós Törkenczy. The Phonology of Hungarian. The Phonology of the World’s Languages. Oxford University Press, 2007. →ISBN, p. 280

查看更多(Further reading)

Icelandic

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

名词(Noun)

a ?

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter A.

查看更多(See also)

Ido

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (context pronunciation, letter name) IPA(key): /a/

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

名词(Noun)

a (plural a-i)

  1. The name of the Latin script letter A/a.

查看更多(See also)

Preposition

a

  1. Apocopic form of ad

关联词(Related terms)

  • e (“and”)
  • o (“or”)

Igbo

字母(Letter)

a (upper case A, lower case a)

  1. The first letter of the Igbo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

词源1(Etymology 1)

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • e (neutral tongue position)

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. (indefinite) somebody, one, they, people (an unspecified individual).
    A gwara ya ka ọ bịa.
    He/she was told to come.
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Often gets translated into English with the passive voice.
查看更多(See also)
Igbo personal pronouns

词源2(Etymology 2)

发音(Pronunciation)

Determiner

a

  1. this.
关联词(Related terms)

Indo-Portuguese

词源(Etymology)

From Portuguese a.

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (Sri Lankan Creole) IPA(key): /a/, /ə/

Preposition

a

  1. to
    • 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3 (in German):
      […], que da-cá su quião que ta pertencê a êll.
      […] , to give him his share which belongs to him.

Indonesian

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Indonesian alphabet, called id and written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

Ingrian

词源(Etymology)

Borrowed from Russian а (a).

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑ/
  • Hyphenation: a

Conjunction

a

  1. and, but
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 17:
      A siä Jaakko, kuhu määt?
      And you Jaakko, where are you going?
    • 1936, L. G. Terehova; V. G. Erdeli, Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, transl., Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:
      keskipäivääl hää [päivyt] on kaikkiin ylemmääl, a siis alkaa laskiissa.
      on midday it [the Sun] is highest, and then it starts to descend.

来源参考(References)

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 1

Interlingua

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. to, at
  2. to, for (indicating purpose)
    sala a attender ― waiting room

衍生词(Derived terms)

Inupiaq

发音(Pronunciation)

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. listen, hark
  2. oops (used to acknowledge an error)
  3. oh (used to express surprise)

Irish

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Old Irish a, from Proto-Celtic *esyo (the final vowel triggering lenition), feminine Proto-Celtic *esyās (the final -s triggering h-prothesis), plural Proto-Celtic *eysom (the final nasal triggering eclipsis), all from the genitive forms of Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Welsh ei.

Determiner

a (triggers lenition)

  1. his, its
    a athair agus a mháthair ― his father and mother
    Chaill an t-éan a chleití.
    The bird lost its feathers.

Determiner

a (triggers h-prothesis)

  1. her, its
    a hathair agus a máthair ― her father and mother
    Bhris an mheaig a heiteog.
    The magpie broke its wing.

Determiner

a (triggers eclipsis)

  1. their
    a n-athair agus a máthair ― their father and mother
    a dtithe ― their houses
    a n-ainmneacha ― their names
  2. (Connacht) our
  3. (Connacht) your (plural)
查看更多(See also)
Irish personal pronouns

Determiner

a (triggers lenition)

  1. how (used with an abstract noun)
    A ghéire a labhair sí!
    How sharply she spoke!
    A fheabhas atá sé!
    How good it is!

词源2(Etymology 2)

A reduced form of older do (itself a reanalysis of do used in past tenses, and also present in early modern verbs like do-bheirim (“I give”), do-chím (“I see”)), or from the preverb a- in early modern verbs like a-tú (“I am”), a-deirim (“I say”) in relative clauses.

Particle

a (triggers lenition except of d’ and of past autonomous forms)

  1. introduces a direct relative clause, takes the independent form of an irregular verb
    an fear a chuireann síol ― the man who sows seed
    an síol a chuireann an fear ― the seed that the man sows
    an síol a cuireadh ― the seed that was sown
    nuair a bhí mé óg ― when I was young
    an cat a d'ól an bainne ― the cat that drank the milk

来源参考(References)

  • Gerald O’Nolan (1920) Studies in Modern Irish‎[7], volume 1, pages 89, 93–94

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Old Irish a (“that, which the relative particle used after prepositions”), reanalyzed as an independent indirect relative particle from forms like ar a (“on which, on whom”), dá (“to which, to whom”), or early modern le a (“with which, with whom”), agá (“at which, at whom”) when prepositional pronouns started to be repeated in such clauses (eg. don té agá mbíon cloidheamh (…) aige, daoine agá mbíonn grádh aco do Dhia). Compare the forms used in Munster instead: go (from agá (“at which”)) and na (from i n-a (“in which”), go n-a (“with which”), ria n-a (“before which”) and later lena (“with which”), tréna (“through which”)).

Particle

a (triggers eclipsis, takes the dependent form of an irregular verb; not used in the past tense except with some irregular verbs)

  1. introduces an indirect relative clause
    an bord a raibh leabhar air ― the table on which there was a book
    an fear a bhfuil a mhac ag imeacht ― the man whose son is going away
关联词(Related terms)
  • ar (used with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)

代词(Pronoun)

a (triggers eclipsis, takes the dependent form of an irregular verb; not used in the past tense except with some irregular verbs)

  1. all that, whatever
    Sin a bhfuil ann.
    That's all that is there.
    An bhfuair tú a raibh uait?
    Did you get all that you wanted?
    Íocfaidh mé as a gceannóidh tú.
    I will pay for whatever you buy.
关联词(Related terms)
  • ar (used with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)

来源参考(References)

  • Nicholas Williams (1994), “Na Canúintí a Theacht chun Solais”, in Kim McCone, Damian McManus, Cathal Ó Háinle, Nicholas Williams, Liam Breatnach, editors, Stair na Gaeilge: in ómós do P[h]ádraig Ó Fiannachta (in Irish), Roinn na Sean-Ghaeilge, Coláiste Phádraig, Maigh Nuad, →ISBN, page 464: “Tháinig nós chun cinn sa 17ú haois freisin an réamhfhocal a dhúbláil: don té agá mbíonn cloidheamh..aige; daoine agá mbíonn grádh aco do Dhia (Ó Cuív, 1952b, 177), an tí ag a bhfuil a bheag do chuntabhairt aige (Williams, 1986, 155).”
  • Gerald O’Nolan (1934) The New Era Grammar of Modern Irish, The Educational Company of Ireland Ltd., page 56

词源4(Etymology 4)

Particle

a (triggers lenition)

  1. introduces a vocative
    A Dhia!
    O God!
    A dhuine uasail!
    Sir!
    Tar isteach, a Sheáin.
    Come in, Seán.
    A amadáin!
    You fool!

Etymology 5

Particle

a (triggers h-prothesis)

  1. introduces a numeral
    a haon, a dó, a trí... ― one, two, three...
    Séamas a Dó ― James the Second
    bus a seacht ― bus seven

Etymology 6

Originally a reduced form of do.

Preposition

a (plus dative, triggers lenition)

  1. to (used with verbal nouns)
    síol a chur ― to sow seed
    uisce a ól ― to drink water
    an rud atá sé a scríobh ― what he is writing
    D’éirigh sé a chaint.
    He rose to speak.
    Téigh a chodladh.
    Go to sleep.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
a n-a ha not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

查看更多(Further reading)

Istriot

词源(Etymology)

From Latin ad.

Preposition

a

  1. at
    • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
      A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
      At the stern, at the bow everything is flags,

Particle

a

  1. emphasises a verb; mandatory with impersonal verbs
    • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
      A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
      At the stern, at the bow everything is flags,

Italian

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin ā (the name of the letter A).

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /a/*
  • Audio
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Hyphenation: a

字母(Letter)

a f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Italian alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.

名词(Noun)

a f (invariable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.; a
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Latin ad. In a few phrases, a stems from Latin a, ab.

Preposition

a

  1. indicates the indirect object; to
    Porta questo cesto alla nonna.
    Bring this basket to grandma.
    Ai gatti piacciono i pesci.
    Cats like fish.
    (literally, “Fish are pleasable to cats.”)
    E lo chiedi a me?
    You're asking that to me?
  2. indicates the place, used in some contexts, in others in is used; in, to
    Andiamo a casa?
    Can we go home?
    (literally, “Can we go to home?”)
    Ora sto a Palermo, a Roma ci torno domani.
    I'm in Palermo now, I'll go back to Rome tomorrow.
  3. denotes the manner; with
    appena, a nuoto, a piedi, a caso
  4. forms adverbs meaning "in a manner related or resembling ~"
    a cappella, a bestia, a braccio, a pennello, etc.
  5. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation.
    A domani! ― [See you] tomorrow!
    A dopo! ― [See you] later!
    Al prossimo Natale! ― [See you] next Christmas!
  6. introduces the ingredients of a dish, perfume, etc.; with
    pasta all'uovo ― pasta with eggs
    cornetto al cioccolato ― chocolate croissant
    shampoo al limone ― lemon shampoo
    patatine alla pizza ― pizza-flavoured/flavored crisps
  7. (central-southern Italy) denotes the direct object, but only if it's not preceded by articles
    Chiama a Paolo.
    Call Paolo.
    E non ci avevi visto a noi?
    And you didn't see us?
    the "us" here is repeated twice for emphasis
    Ascolti a me, signó!
    Listen to me, ma'am!
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • When followed by a word that begins with a vowel sound, the form ad is used instead.
  • When followed by the definite article, a combines with the article to produce the following combined forms:
a + article Combined form
a + il al
a + lo allo
a + l' all'
a + i ai
a + gli agli
a + la alla
a + le alle
派生词(Descendants)
  • Norwegian Bokmål: a

词源3(Etymology 3)

动词(Verb)

a

  1. Misspelling of ha.

来源参考(References)


查看更多(Further reading)

Japanese

罗马化(Romanization)

a

  1. Rōmaji transcription of あ
  2. Rōmaji transcription of ア

Jersey Dutch

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʊ/, /ɑ/

字母(Letter)

a

  1. A letter of the Jersey Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

K'iche'

发音(Pronunciation)

形容词(Adjective)

a

  1. masculine youth indicator

副词(Adverb)

a

  1. (interrogatory) indicator of a question

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. your

来源参考(References)

Kabuverdianu

字母(Letter)

a (uppercase A)

  1. The first letter of the Kabuverdianu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Kabyle

替代形式(Alternative forms)

Determiner

a

  1. this
    a rgaz a
    this man

Kalasha

词源(Etymology)

From Sanskrit अहम् (ahám).

代词(Pronoun)

a (Arabic آ‎)

  1. I (1st-person personal pronoun)

查看更多(See also)

Kalasha personal pronouns

Kayan

字母(Letter)

a

  1. a the first letter of Kayan alphabet.

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. used for he, she, third person.

Koitabu

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. you (singular)

来源参考(References)

  • Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics

Krisa

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /a/

名词(Noun)

a m

  1. pig
    Nana a doma.
    I shot your pig.

来源参考(References)

  • Donohue, Mark and San Roque, Lila. I'saka: a sketch grammar of a language of north-central New Guinea. (Pacific Linguistics, 554.) (2004).

Ladin

词源(Etymology)

From Latin a.

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. in
  2. at
  3. to

衍生词(Derived terms)

Lashi

发音(Pronunciation)

副词(Adverb)

a

  1. not

来源参考(References)

  • Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎[8], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

Latgalian

词源(Etymology)

Ultimately from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō. The source is not clear:

  • Probably borrowed from a Slavic language (compare Russian а (a) and Belarusian а (a)).
  • Alternatively, irregularly shortened from *ā, inherited from *ō.

Compare Lithuanian o.

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /ˈa/
  • Hyphenation: a

Conjunction

a f

  1. and, but

来源参考(References)

  • A. Andronov; L. Leikuma (2008) Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN

Latin

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through Etruscan.

发音(Pronunciation)

(letter name):

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. (sometimes with littera) the first letter of the Latin alphabet.
    littera a ― the letter a

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Etruscan.

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

ā f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter A.
相关搭配(Coordinate terms)

词源3(Etymology 3)

Alternative form of ab by apocope (not used before a vowel or h).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • à (earlier in New Latin)
  • ab

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

ā (+ ablative)

  1. (indicating ablation): from, away from, out of
  2. (indicating ablation): down from
  3. (indicating agency): (source of action or event) by, by means of
  4. (indicating instrumentality): (source of action or event) by, by means of, with
  5. (indicating association): to, with
  6. (indicating location): at, on, in
  7. (time) after, since
用法注意(Usage notes)

Used in conjunction with passive verbs to mark the agent.

  • Liber ā discipulō aperītur.
    The book is opened by the student.
衍生词(Derived terms)
派生词(Descendants)
  • Italian: a
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: a (learned)
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: a (learned)

词源4(Etymology 4)

Expressive.

发音(Pronunciation)

感叹语(Interjection)

ā

  1. ah

Latvian

词源(Etymology)

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

A

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Latvian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

名词(Noun)

a m (invariable)

  1. The name of the Latin script letter A/a.

查看更多(See also)

查看更多(Further reading)

Laz

Determiner

a

  1. Latin spelling of ა (a)

字母(Letter)

a

  1. The first letter of the Laz alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

数字化(Numeral)

a

  1. Latin spelling of ა (a)

Ligurian

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

Ligurian Definite Articles
singular plural
masculine o i
feminine  a e

Article

a f sg (plural e)

  1. the

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Latin ad.

Preposition

a

  1. in
  2. at
  3. to
    Vàddo a câza. ― I'm going home. (literally, “I go to home.”)
  4. indicates the direct object, mainly to avoid confusion when it, the subject, or both are displaced, or for emphasis
    A mæ seu ghe fa mâ 'n bràsso. ― My sister's arm hurts. (literally, “To my sister an arm hurts.”)
a + article Combined form
a + o a-o
a + a a-a
a + i a-i
a + e a-e

Livonian

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Louisiana Creole French

词源(Etymology)

From French avoir (“to have”).

动词(Verb)

a

  1. to have

Lower Sorbian

发音(Pronunciation)

Conjunction

a

  1. and

查看更多(Further reading)

  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “a”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999), “a”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Lushootseed

字母(Letter)

a

  1. The second letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as an open back unrounded vowel.

Malay

发音(Pronunciation)

(letter name): IPA(key): /a/

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

Maltese

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /a/ (short phoneme)
  • IPA(key): /aː/ (long phoneme)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

Mandarin

罗马化(Romanization)

a (a5 / a0, Zhuyin ˙ㄚ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呵.
  2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啊.
  3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阿.

a

  1. Nonstandard spelling of ā.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of á.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of ǎ.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of à.

用法注意(Usage notes)

  • English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Mandinka

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. he, him (personal pronoun)
    A m busa ― He/she struck me.
    Y a busa ― They struck him/her.
  2. she, her (personal pronoun)
  3. it (personal pronoun)

查看更多(See also)

Mandinka personal pronouns

Maori

Particle

a

  1. of
  2. (determinative particle for names)
  3. (particle for pronouns when succeeding ki, i, kei, and hei)

用法注意(Usage notes)

  • When used in the sense of of, suggests that the possessor has control of the relationship (alienable possession).

Mezquital Otomi

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. expresses satisfaction, pity, fright, or admiration

词源2(Etymology 2)

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

a

  1. (transitive) wake, awaken

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Proto-Otomi *ʔɔ, from Proto-Otomian *ʔɔ.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

a

  1. flea
衍生词(Derived terms)
  • aꞌni
  • mfoxꞌa

来源参考(References)

  • Andrews, Enriqueta (1950) Vocabulario otomí de Tasquillo, Hidalgo‎[9] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 1
  • Hernández Cruz, Luis; Victoria Torquemada, Moisés (2010) Diccionario del hñähñu (otomí) del Valle del Mezquital, estado de Hidalgo (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 45)‎[10] (in Spanish), second edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 3

Middle Dutch

词源(Etymology)

From Old Dutch ā, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.

名词(Noun)

â f

  1. (rare) river, stream, water

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

派生词(Descendants)

  • Dutch: a

查看更多(Further reading)

  • “a (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000

中古英语(Middle English)

词源1(Etymology 1)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. Alternative form of an (mainly preconsonantal)

词源2(Etymology 2)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. (Late Middle English) Alternative form of I (“I”)

词源3(Etymology 3)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. Alternative form of heo (“she”)

词源4(Etymology 4)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. Alternative form of he (“he”)

Etymology 5

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. Alternative form of he (“they”)

Etymology 6

数字化(Numeral)

a

  1. (Northern, Early Middle English) Alternative form of oo (“one”)

Middle French

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Old French a, from Latin ad.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • à (after 1550)

Preposition

a

  1. to; towards

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Old French, from Latin habet.

动词(Verb)

a

  1. third-person singular present indicative of avoir

Middle Welsh

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

a (triggers lenition)

  1. O (vocative particle)

词源2(Etymology 2)

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a (triggers lenition)

  1. who, which, that

Particle

a (triggers lenition)

  1. inserted before the verb when the subject of direct object precedes it

词源3(Etymology 3)

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

a (triggers lenition)

  1. used to introduce a direct question
  2. whether, used to introduce an indirect question

词源4(Etymology 4)

Reduction of o (“from”).

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. used between a focused adjective and the noun it modifies
    • Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:
      bychan a dial oed yn lloski ni, neu yn dienydyaw am y mab
      it will be small vengeance if we are burnt or put to death because of the child

Etymology 5

From Old Welsh ha.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

Conjunction

a (triggers aspiration)

  1. and

Etymology 6

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a (triggers aspiration)

  1. with

Etymology 7

From Proto-Celtic *ageti, third-person singular present indicative of *ago-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

a

  1. third-person singular present indicative of mynet

Mutation

Middle Welsh mutation
Radical Soft Nasal H-prothesis
a unchanged unchanged ha
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Min Nan

For pronunciation and definitions of a – see 阿.
(This character, a, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 阿.)

Mòcheno

词源(Etymology)

From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, a”).

Article

a (oblique masculine an)

  1. a, an

来源参考(References)

Mopan Maya

Article

a

  1. the

来源参考(References)

  • Hofling, Charles Andrew (2011). Mopan Maya–Spanish–English Dictionary, University of Utah Press.

Mountain Koiari

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. you (singular)

来源参考(References)

  • Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics

Murui Huitoto

副词(Adverb)

a

  1. Alternative spelling of aa (“”)

来源参考(References)

  • Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)‎[11] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 19

Nauruan

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. I (first person singular pronoun)
    • 2000, Lisa M Johnson, Firstness of Secondness in Nauruan Morphology (in English):
      a pudun
      1sing fall+Vn
      I fell
      […]
      a nuwawen
      1pers.sing. go+Vn
      I did go. (I left.)
      […]
      a kaiotien aem
      [1pers.sing.] [hear+Vn] [your words]
      I hear what you said.
      […]
      a nan imoren
      1pers.sing. FUT health+Vn
      I shall be cured (get better).

Navajo

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    a = /a˨/
    ą = /ã˨/
    á = /a˥/
    ą́ = /ã˥/
    aa = /aː˨˨/
    ąą = /ãː˨˨/
    áa = /aː˥˨/
    ą́ą = /ãː˥˨/
    aá = /aː˨˥/
    ąą́ = /ãː˨˥/
    áá = /aː˥˥/
    ą́ą́ = /ãː˥˥/

查看更多(See also)

Neapolitan

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin de ab.

Preposition

a

  1. from (referring to a place)
  2. by (introducing the actor in the passive voice)
  3. to (implying necessity)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Latin ad.

Preposition

a

  1. in (locative: staying in a place of relative width)
  2. to (locative: moving towards a place of relative width)
  3. to (dative)

Nias

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.

动词(Verb)

a (imperfective manga)

  1. (transitive) to eat

来源参考(References)

  • Sundermann, Heinrich. 1905. Niassisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Moers: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, p. 15.

Norman

动词(Verb)

a

  1. (Guernsey) third-person singular present indicative of aver

Norwegian Bokmål

The letter a from the Norwegian alphabet.

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin a, from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through the Etruscan language, from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ), from Proto-Canaanite , from Proto-Sinaitic , from Egyptian 𓃾, representing the head of an ox.

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (uppercase A)

  1. The first letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

名词(Noun)

a m (definite singular a-en, indefinite plural a-er, definite plural a-ene)

  1. the letter a, the first letter of the Norwegian alphabet
    • 1999, Lars Roar Langslet, I kamp for norsk kultur, page 234:
      bruken av a i bestemt form i hunkjønnsord
      the use of a in the definite form of feminine words
    fra A til B ― from A to B
    fra A til Å ― from A to Z
    har man sagt a, må man si b ― if you have said A, you should say B
  2. indicates the first or best entry of a list, order or rank
    • 1919, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Samlede digter-verker I [Collected poetic works 1], page 454:
      [bokstavene begynte] at gaa sammen, to og to: a stod og hvilte under et træ, som hedte b
      [the letters began] to go together, two by two: a stood and rested under a tree called b
    • 1920, Jonas Lie, Samlede Digterverker V, page 389:
      begynde paa Ø istedet for A
      start with Ø instead of A
    • 1886, Arne Garborg, Mogning og manndom I, page 172:
      jeg traf sammen med et par generalbanditter, gamle gutter, storartede ranglefanter, 1ste klasse 1 A med stjerne, deilige herremænd
      I met a couple of general bandits, old boys, great revelers, 1st class 1 A with a star, lovely gentlemen
    • 1939, Knut Hamsun, Artikler, page 99:
      historie er hvad A mener til forskel fra B, og hvad C igen mener til forskel baade fra A og B om den samme sag
      story is what A thinks differently from B and what C again thinks differently from both A and B about the same case
    oppgang A ― apartment entrance A
    blodgruppe A ― blood group A
    førerkort i klasse A ― (motorcycle) driver's license in class A
    øl i klasse A ― beer in class A (with 0,0-0,7 volume percent alcohol)
    A post ― A post / priority mail
    A-aksje ― class A-share
    hepatitt A ― hepatitis A
    Synonyms: A-, a-
  3. the highest grade in a school or university using the A-F scale
    • 2019, Helene Uri, Stillheten etterpå, page 14:
      jeg har gode karakterer. Bare A-er og B-er
      I have good grades. Only A's and B's
    få A til eksamen
    receive an A on an exam
  4. (music) designation of the sixth note from C and the corresponding tone
    • 1944, Børre Qvamme, Musikk, page 10:
      synge en riktig A uten hjelp av et instrument eller stemmegaffel
      sing a correct A without the aid of an instrument or tuning fork
    • 1973, Finn Havrevold, Avreisen, page 127:
      han slår énstrøken a på klaveret
      he strikes one stroke A on the piano
    • 1997, Tove Nilsen, G for Georg, page 42:
      så gal at man virkelig tror at svaler er g-nøkler og bass-nøkler og a’er og c’er som svever rundt hverandre og lager konsert i himmelen
      so crazy that you really think swallows are g-keys and bass-keys and a's and c's floating around each other and making a concert in the sky
    A-dur
    A major
    A-moll
    A minor
  5. (physics) symbol for ampere
  6. (physics) symbol for nucleon number
  7. (horology) symbol for avance
  8. symbol for anno
  9. short form of atom-
    a-bombe
    atom bomb (a-bomb)
    Synonym: a-

衍生词(Derived terms)

词源2(Etymology 2)

Abbreviation of atto- (“atto-”).

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. atto-, prefix for 10-18 in the International System of Units.

词源3(Etymology 3)

Abbreviation of ar (“are”).

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. an are, a unit of area one hundredth of a hectare; ares
    Synonym: ar

词源4(Etymology 4)

From French à (“to, on, in”).

Preposition

a

  1. Alternative spelling of à (“”)
替代形式(Alternative forms)

Etymology 5

From Latin ā (“from, away from, out of”), alternative form of ab (“from, away from, out of, down from”).

Preposition

a

  1. (used in Latin expressions, before a consonant) from, of
    a posteriori, a prima vista, a priori, a tempo, a verbo, a viso, a vista
替代形式(Alternative forms)

Etymology 6

From Italian a (“in, at, to”).

Preposition

a

  1. (used in Italian expressions, before a consonant) from, of, with
    a battuta, a cappella, a due, a dato, a konto
  2. weak form of av (of)

Etymology 7

From Old Norse hana (“her”), accusative form of hón (“she”), from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*hān-), from a prefixed form of Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one; some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one; single”).

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. (dialectal, used enclitically after a conjunction or subjunction) she
    • 1948, Helge Krog, Skuespill I, page 43:
      jagu slår a ja. Og det så det kjens. Forleden dag ga hun meg en knallende ørefik
      she can certainly punch. And so you feel it. The other day she gave me a popping slap to the ear
    • 1989, Bergljot Hobæk Haff, Den guddommelige tragedie:
      hu kunne ikke henge på seg så mye som et enrada perlebånd, uten at a måtte skotte opp i skyene for å høre hva den aller høyeste mente
      she could not put on as much as a single string of pearls, without having to shoot up into the clouds to hear what the very highest one meant
  2. (dialectal, about grammatically feminine animals or objects) it, she
    • 1899, Sfinx, Vi og Voreses, page 45:
      hos Hansens laa dem te klokka var ni, og 10 var a mange ganger ogsaa
      at Hansen's they laid until nine o'clock, and 10 she was many times too
    • 1954, Agnar Mykle, Lasso rundt fru Luna, page 476:
      hvor ligger a [duskeluen] henne?
      where is the hat?
    hvor er a katta di?
    where is your cat?
    Synonym: hun
  3. (dialectal, used enclitically) her; object form of hun (=she)
    hva gjorde du med a?
    what did you do to her?
    • 1847–1868, Halfdan Kjerulf, Av hans efterladte papirer, page 245:
      jeg [skrev] klaverstykker … en lille scherzo med nordisk motiv … «gjenta» og «Jørgen Matros», som gjør kur til ’a og «Ola Spelman» som hun foretrækker
      I [wrote] piano pieces… a small scherzo with a Nordic motif… «gjenta» and «Jørgen Matros», which makes cure for her and «Ola Spelman» which she prefers
    • 1875, Alexander Erbe, Fra skjærgaarden, page 23:
      [klokkeren] skulle da koste paa a amen
      [the clockmaker] would then cost her amen
    • 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden I, page 6:
      jeg kan da gjerne skjære litt mat til a
      I could happily cut some food for her
    • 1931, Aksel Sandemose, En sjømann går i land, page 19:
      han stakk henne med kniven, riktig kylt’n midt i magan på a
      he stabbed her with the knife, really threw in the middle of her stomach
    • 2010, Helene Guåker, Kjør!:
      flere enn deg i hvert fall, di lørje, svarte jeg og så a midt i aua
      more than you at least, you skank, I answered and looked her in the eye
  4. (dialectal, about grammatically feminine animals or objects) it, her
    hvis katta stikker av, må du fange a!
    if the cat runs away, you need to catch her!
    • 1895, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Over Ævne II, page 136:
      naar kjærka ikke kan holde arbejderne i ave [age], aa faen skal vi saa me’a
      when the church can not keep the workers in duty, what the hell do we do with her then
    Synonym: henne
  5. (dialectal, used proclitically with a woman's name or female relation) she, her
    • 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden V, page 96:
      ta a Guldborg
      consider Guldborg
    • 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden V, page 64:
      har du glemt a mamma
      did you forget about mom
    • 2015, Rudolf Nilsen, Samlede dikt, page 88:
      a Paula kom plystrende hjem
      Paula came home whistling
    • 2015 March 12, Gerd Nyland, “Fire år uten radio”, in Oppland Arbeiderblad[12], archived from the original on 2023-01-28:
      a tante Karen, mor hennes Reidun, hadde ordne med sengeplasser i stua, Booken på en divan og a Rita på flatseng på golvet
      aunt Karen, her mother Reidun, had arranged beds in the living room, Booken on a daybed and Rita on a flat bed on the floor

Etymology 8

From Danish ah (“oh”), likely from German ach (“oh”), from Middle High German ach, from Old High German ah. Also see ah and akk.

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. expression of surprise or horror
    • 1888, Herman Colditz, Kjærka, et Atélierinteriør:
      a, det er bare noe drit til han terracottaen
      oh, that is just some crap for that terracotta guy
    a, for noe tøv!
    oh, such nonsense!
  2. expression of admiration or happiness
    • 1897, Fridtjof Nansen, Fram over Polhavet I, page 345:
      a, kunde vi bare gi «Fram» slige vinger
      oh, if only we could give "Fram" wings like that
    a, det gjorde godt!
    oh, that felt good!
  3. used with the words yes and no to give a sense of impatience or rejection
    • 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Fru Inger til Østråt, page 99:
      a nej, det kan være det samme
      oh no, it does not matter
    • 1874-1878, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Brytnings-år I, page 25:
      a ja, lad Schirmer tegne staburet
      oh yes, let Schirmer draw the storehouse
    • 1988, Arild Nyquist, Giacomettis forunderlige reise:
      verden er vakker, bestemor. Selv når det regner og blåser. A ja da.
      the world is beautiful, grandma. Even when it's raining and windy. Oh yes.
    a jo, men hold nå fred!
    oh yes, but keep quiet now

Etymology 9

Mostly likely from Norwegian ad (“against, on”), from Danish ad (“by, at”), from Old Danish at, from Old Norse at (“at, to”), from Proto-Germanic *at (“at, toward, to”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“to, at”).

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. expression of anger or sorrow, especially with a personal pronoun
    uff a meg!
    oh, my!
    huff a meg!
    oh, no!
替代形式(Alternative forms)

来源参考(References)

  • “a” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
  • “a” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
  • “a” in Store norske leksikon
  • a on the Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia.Wikipedia nb

变位词(Anagrams)

Norwegian Nynorsk

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lowercase, uppercase A)

  1. The first letter of the Norwegian Nynorsk alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

名词(Noun)

a m (definite singular a-en, indefinite plural a-ar, definite plural a-ane)

  1. the letter a

词源2(Etymology 2)

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. ah!
    Synonyms: ah, å

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó.

Preposition

a

  1. (dialect) alternative form of av
    • c. 1700, Kolsrud, Sigurd, quoting Jacob Rasch, “Eldste nynorske bibeltekst: Jacob Rasch c. 1700”, in Syn og Segn, volume 56, published 1950, page 110:
      fre a Gud okka far aa Jesu Christo den herræ.
      peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

来源参考(References)

Nupe

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /a/, (after /n/ or /m/) /ã/

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

à

  1. not (placed at the end of a clause to negate it)
    Mi de eshìgi à, mi ma de dàǹgi à. ― I don't have a dog, and I don't have a cat.

词源3(Etymology 3)

Clipping of lá

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

á

  1. Marks the perfective aspect, for actions that are completed
用法注意(Usage notes)

á, which is derived from the verb lá (“to take”), functions like a verb so that the word order in the present perfect tense is that of a serial verb construction.

  • Musa shi dùkùn ― Musa bought a pot
  • Musa á dùkùn shi. ― Musa has bought a pot. (literally, “Musa took a pot to buy”)

词源4(Etymology 4)

Clipping of gà

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

à

  1. Used to express the future tense (placed before verbs)
    A à lá èbi be nakàn ― They will use a knife to cut the meat

Occitan

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin ad.

Preposition

a

  1. to
  2. at
衍生词(Derived terms)

词源2(Etymology 2)

名词(Noun)

a f (plural as)

  1. a (the letter a)

词源3(Etymology 3)

动词(Verb)

a

  1. third-person singular present indicative of aver

Old Danish

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • aa (Jutlandic)

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.

名词(Noun)

ā (genitive ār, plural ār)

  1. (Scania) stream, river
派生词(Descendants)
  • Danish: å

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ana.

Preposition

ā

  1. (Scania) on, in, at
派生词(Descendants)

词源3(Etymology 3)

动词(Verb)

ā

  1. first/third-person singular present indicative of ēgha

Old Dutch

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-West Germanic *ahu.

名词(Noun)

ā f

  1. river, stream, water

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

派生词(Descendants)

  • Middle Dutch: â

查看更多(Further reading)

  • “ā, ē”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

替代形式(Alternative forms)

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-West Germanic *aiw, from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“eternity, age”).

发音(Pronunciation)

副词(Adverb)

ā

  1. ever, always

派生词(Descendants)

Old French

词源1(Etymology 1)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Old French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Latin ad.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • ad
  • à (not in manuscripts; occasionally used by scholars to differentiate between the preposition and the verb form)

Preposition

a

  1. to
  2. towards
  3. belonging to
    fil a putain ― son of a whore
衍生词(Derived terms)
派生词(Descendants)
  • French: à
    • → Danish: à
    • → Dutch: à
    • → German: à
    • → Hungarian: à
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: à, a
    • → Swedish: à

词源3(Etymology 3)

替代形式(Alternative forms)

动词(Verb)

a

  1. third-person singular present indicative of avoir

Old Irish

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Proto-Celtic *sosim (“this”).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • (relative pronoun): an

Article

a

  1. nominative/accusative singular neuter of in

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

代词(Pronoun)

a (triggers eclipsis, takes a leniting relative clause using a deuterotonic or absolute verb form)

  1. that which, what

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

派生词(Descendants)
  • Irish: a
  • Scottish Gaelic: a

查看更多(Further reading)

词源2(Etymology 2)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

a (triggers eclipsis, takes a nasalizing relative clause)

  1. when

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Proto-Celtic *esyo (m and n), *esyās (f), and *esōm (pl), from Proto-Indo-European *ésyo, genitive singular of *ís and *íd; compare Welsh ei (“his, her, its”), eu (“their”); Old High German iro (“their”); and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”), अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”), and एषाम् (eṣā́m, “their”).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

Determiner

a (predicative aí or áe) (triggers lenition in the masculine and neuter singular, an unwritten prothetic /h/ before a vowel in the feminine singular, and eclipsis in the plural)

  1. his, its
  2. her, its
  3. their

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

派生词(Descendants)
  • Irish: a (“his, her, its, their”)
  • Scottish Gaelic: a (“his, her, its”); an (“their”)

查看更多(Further reading)

词源4(Etymology 4)

From Proto-Celtic *ō (compare Welsh a, from Proto-Indo-European *ō (compare Ancient Greek ὦ (ô), Latin ō).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

Particle

a (triggers lenition)

  1. O (vocative particle)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

派生词(Descendants)
  • Irish: a
  • Scottish Gaelic: a

查看更多(Further reading)

Etymology 5

Particle

a (triggers an unwritten prothetic /h/ before a vowel)

  1. introduces a numeral
    a deich ― ten
派生词(Descendants)
  • Irish: a
  • Scottish Gaelic: a

查看更多(Further reading)

Etymology 6

From Proto-Celtic *exs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.

Preposition

a (combined with plural article asnaib, combined with 1st singular possessive determiner asmo, combined with 3rd person possessive determiner assa)

  1. out of

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

Inflection
Inflection of a
关联词(Related terms)
派生词(Descendants)
  • Irish: as
  • Manx: ass
  • Scottish Gaelic: à

查看更多(Further reading)

Old Polish

词源1(Etymology 1)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a. First attested in the first half of 14th c..

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. ah! (used when the speaker has remembered or noticed something)

词源2(Etymology 2)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō. First attested in the first half of 14th c..

Conjunction

a

  1. and (used to continue a previous statement or to add to it)
  2. and, but, whereas (used contrastively)
  3. and then (used to say an event will occur if some requirement is fulfilled)
  4. Emphasizes a question.
  5. Introduces a new sentences.
关联词(Related terms)
派生词(Descendants)
  • Polish: a

来源参考(References)

Old Portuguese

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin ad (“to”).

Preposition

a

  1. to; towards
派生词(Descendants)
  • Fala: a
  • Galician: a
  • Portuguese: a
    • Indo-Portuguese: a

词源2(Etymology 2)

Article

a

  1. Alternative spelling of á (“”)

Old Swedish

词源(Etymology)

From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

a f

  1. creek, river

派生词(Descendants)

  • Swedish: å

来源参考(References)

Ometepec Nahuatl

名词(Noun)

a

  1. water

Oromo

名词(Noun)

a (plural aa)

  1. The first letter of the Oromo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Palauan

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Pre-Palauan *a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a.

Article

a

  1. a, the

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Pre-Palauan *a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a, from Proto-Austronesian *a.

Conjunction

a

  1. linking particle

Polish

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /a/
  • Audio
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Syllabification: a

词源1(Etymology 1)

First attested in the the year 1551 as a noun.[1]

字母(Letter)

a (lowercase, uppercase A)

  1. The first letter of the Polish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    małe a ― a minuscule/small/little a
    duże a ― a capital/big/large a
查看更多(See also)

名词(Noun)

a n (indeclinable)

  1. a, near-open central vowel
    samogłoska a ― the vowel a
    powiedzieć a ― to say a
  2. (music) a (note)
    zagrać a ― to play an a
    zaśpiewać a ― to sing an a

关联词(Related terms)

词源2(Etymology 2)

名词(Noun)

a m inan

  1. (metrology) Abbreviation of ar.

词源3(Etymology 3)

Inherited from Old Polish a, from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō. First attested in the first half of 14th c..[2]

Conjunction

a

  1. and, but, whereas (used contrastively)
    A ty? ― And you?
    Wolisz tabletki, a ja wolę zastrzyki. ― You prefer pills whereas I prefer injections.
  2. and (used to continue a previous statement or to add to it)
    walka między dobrem a złem ― battle between good and evil
  3. and then (used to say an event will occur if some requirement is fulfilled)
    Poszukasz, a znajdziesz. ― If you seek it, then you shall find it.
  4. and (used after a verb to indicate it will last a long time)
    pracować a pracować ― to work and work (for a long time)
  5. such and such (used when the speaker does not want to be more specific, when repeating an element)
  6. is (used to show some connection between two objects which are very different from each other)
  7. what about
    Ja jestem gotowy, a ty? ― I'm ready, what about you?
衍生词(Derived terms)
关联词(Related terms)

词源4(Etymology 4)

Inherited from Old Polish a, from Proto-Slavic *a. First attested in the first half of 14th c..

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. ah! (used when the speaker has remembered or noticed something)

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2022
  2. ^ K. Nitsch, editor (1953), “a”, in Słownik staropolski (in Old Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 39

查看更多(Further reading)

  • a in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • a in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2022
  • “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2022
  • “A”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], (please provide a date or year)
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814), “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 1

Portuguese

发音(Pronunciation)

letter
article, pronoun

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin a.

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

名词(Noun)

a m (plural as)

  1. Alternative spelling of á (“”)
关联词(Related terms)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Old Portuguese a, from Latin illa (with the disappearance of an initial l; compare Spanish la).

Article

a

  1. feminine singular of o
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:o.

查看更多(See also)
Portuguese articles (edit)
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Definite articles
(the) 		o a os as
Indefinite articles
(a, an; some) 		um uma uns umas

代词(Pronoun)

a f (third-person singular)

  1. her, it (as a direct object; as an indirect object, see lhe; after prepositions, see ela)
    Encontrei-a na rua. ― I met her/it on the street.
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Becomes -la after verb forms ending in -r, -s, or -z, the pronouns nos (“us”) and vos (“plural you”), and the adverb eis (“here is; behold”); the final letter causing the change disappears.
    After ver (“to see”): Posso vê-la? — “May I see her/it?”
    After pôs (“he/she/it put”): Ele pô-la ali. — “He put her/it there.”
    After fiz (“I made; I did”): Fi-la ficar contente. — “I made her/it become happy.”
    After nos (“us”): Ela deu-no-la relutantemente. — “She gave her/it to us reluctantly.”
    After eis (“here is; behold”): Ei-la! — “Behold her/it!”
  • Becomes -na after a nasal vowel or diphthong: -ão, -am [ɐ̃w̃], -õe [õj̃], -em, -êm [ẽj̃].
    Detêm-na como prisioneira. — “They detain her/it as a prisoner.”
  • In informal Brazilian Portuguese, the nominative form ela (“she”) is more commonly used.
    Eu a vi. → Eu vi ela.: “I saw her/it.”
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

查看更多(See also)

See Template:Portuguese personal pronouns for more.

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Old Portuguese a, from Latin ad (“to”) and ab (“from, away, by”).

Preposition

a

  1. to, introduces the indirect object
    Dê-o a mim. ― Give it to me.
    Meu coração pertence a você. ― My heart belongs to you.
    Synonym: para
  2. to; towards, indicates destination
    Vamos a Paris! ― Let’s go to Paris!
    Synonyms: para, até
  3. away, indicates a physical distance
    A vila fica a onze milhas ― The village is eleven miles away.
    Comunicação à distância. ― Communication at a distance.
  4. with; by means of, using as an instrument or means
    Mataram o cão a pauladas. ― They bludgeoned the dog to death. (literally, “they killed the dog with bludgeonings”)
    A cavalo. ― On horseback.
    Livro escrito a lápis. ― A book written with a pencil.
    Synonyms: com, por meio de
  5. with; on, using as a medium or fuel
    Quadro pintado a óleo. ― A painting painted with oil.
    Fornalha a carvão. ― Coal furnace.
  6. by, using the specified measurement; in the specified quantity
    É mais barato comprar comida ao quilo. ― It is cheaper to by food by the kilogram.
    Os fracassos ocorrem às dezenas. ― Failures occur by the dozen.
  7. (preceded and followed by the same word) by, indicates a steady progression
    Calma lá. Resolva o problema passo a passo. ― Easy there. Solve the problem step by step.
    Synonym: por
  8. in the style or manner of; a la
    Ele puxou o temperamento ao pai. ― He inherited his temperament from his father.
    Camarão à grega. ― Greek-style shrimp.
    Synonym: ao modo de
  9. (limited use, see usage notes) at, during the specified period
    Dormimos à noite. ― We sleep at night.
    O filme começa às duas horas. ― The film starts at two o’clock.
    Synonyms: em, de
  10. (rare except in set terms) at; in, indicates a location or position
    Isso fica à frente do altar. ― This stays in front of the altar.
    Synonym: em
  11. indicates the direct object, mainly to avoid confusion when it, the subject, or both are displaced, or for emphasis
    A mim ele não engana. ― He doesn’t deceive me. (literally, “To me he doesn’t deceive.”)
  12. (Portugal, followed by a verb in the infinitive form) forms the present participle; in Brazil, the gerund is used instead
    Estou a preparar a canja ― I am preparing the chicken soup
  13. (followed by an infinitive or present passive) to, forms the future participle
    Um trabalho a ser feito. ― A job to be done.
    Nada a fazer. ― Nothing to be done.
    Synonyms: para, por
用法注意(Usage notes)

When followed by a definite article, a is combined with the article to give the following combined forms:

In the sense of to (introducing the indirect object) usage with a personal pronoun can be replaced with an indirect pronoun (me, nos, te, vos, lhe, lhes):

  • Deram um livro a ele. → Deram-lhe um livro.

In the sense of at (during the specified period) it can be used with:

Dia (“day”), manhã (“morning”), madrugada (“early morning”) use de (“of”) instead, which can optionally be used for tarde, noitinha and noite as well. Names of months, days of the month and of the week use em (“in”).

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

派生词(Descendants)
  • Indo-Portuguese: a
查看更多(See also)

词源4(Etymology 4)

替代形式(Alternative forms)

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. oh, expression of mild surprise
    A, tudo bem então.
    Oh, all right then.
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

Etymology 5

From homophone há.

动词(Verb)

a

  1. Misspelling of há.
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

Etymology 6

From homophone à.

Contraction

a

  1. Misspelling of à.
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

Rapa Nui

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /ˈa/
  • Hyphenation: a

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Proto-Polynesian *a. Cognates include Maori a and Tongan ʻa.

Article

a

  1. the personal article, used before proper nouns

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *a. Cognates include Hawaiian ā and Maori ā.

Preposition

a

  1. along, towards

来源参考(References)

  • Paulus Kieviet (2017) A grammar of Rapa Nui‎[13], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, page 102

Rawang

发音(Pronunciation)

Suffix

a

  1. verbal suffix for marking benefactive of the V.

代词(Pronoun)

a (upper case A)

  1. proximate demonstrative pronoun
    Alòng èlámò.
    Dry this one.
    Ló webǿng nàí baqòé, ngàí abǿng bakngò lé" wa.
    Well, you carry that side, I will carry this side.
    A wedø nø bvttut mvjòǃ
    Oh, it is absolutely wrong to do (it) that way.

Romagnol

词源1(Etymology 1)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (Central Romagnol): IPA(key): [ˈaɐ̯]
  • (San Zaccaria): IPA(key): [ˈaɐ]

动词(Verb)

a

  1. third-person singular/plural present indicative of avér (“to have”)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Latin ego.

代词(Pronoun)

a (plural a)

  1. (Ville Unite) I
  2. (Ville Unite) plural of a (“we”)
  3. (Ville Unite) plural of te (“you”)

词源3(Etymology 3)

Inherited from Latin ad, a (“to, toward”).

Preposition

a

  1. to; at

Romani

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. oh, ah

来源参考(References)

  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “a”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 134

Romanian

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Romanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

词源1(Etymology 1)

Article

a (feminine singular possessive article)

  1. of (+ genitive)
    sora mea și a lui Alexandru
    my and Alexandru's sister
    cartea este a mea
    the book is mine
    Coordinate terms: (masculine/neuter singular) al, (masculine plural) ai, (feminine/neuter plural) ale

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Latin ad, from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near; at”).

Preposition

a

  1. (used with infinitive verbs) the infinitive marker: to
    A fi.
    To be.
  2. (archaic) at (now almost completely replaced by la)
  3. (used only with a few perception verbs like suna, mirosi, arăta) like

词源3(Etymology 3)

From proto-Romanian, from a late Vulgar Latin *ae(t), from Latin habet[1].

动词(Verb)

(el/ea) a (modal auxiliary, third-person singular form of avea, used with past participles to form perfect compus tenses)

  1. modal auxiliary
    (he/she) has...
    A văzut acest film?
    Has he/she seen this film?
用法注意(Usage notes)

a is used instead of are to form the third-person singular perfect compus.

关联词(Related terms)

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ http://www.lingv.ro/RRL%201-2%202009%20Nevaci,%20Todi.pdf

Sassarese

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • ad (before a vowel)

词源(Etymology)

From Latin ad, from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd.

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a

  1. to
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Spring]”, in La poesia di l'althri, Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:
      Lu branu a me no piazi
      I don't like spring
      (literally, “The spring to me is not pleasant”)
  2. at
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Dipididda [Departure]”, in La poesia di l'althri, Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 15:
      Lu disthinu di l’ommu ciamba pianu, ¶ ma caggi a una zerth’ora
      The fate of man changes slowly, but it arrives at some point
  3. in
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Un cuntaddu [A Tale]”, in La poesia di l'althri, Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 49:
      Erani amigghi cari, ma, girosi ¶ l’unu di l’althru, […] ¶ s’invintàbani umbè d’innamuraddi ¶ gariggendi a ca più fèmmini v'abìa.
      They were close friends, but, [being] jealous of one another, they would make up lots of lovers, competing for having the most girls.
      (literally, “They were dear friends, but, jealous one of the other, they invented lots of lovers, competing in who had the most girls.”)
  4. Used to convey an accusative
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Lu Trabagliu [Work]”, in La poesia di l'althri, Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 23:
      Abà zappu una terra asciutta e tóstha ¶ azzuppendi a la rocca, ¶ a la prunizza.
      Here I hoe dry, hard land, clashing against rock and thornbush.

来源参考(References)

  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Satawalese

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /a/

代词(Pronoun)

a (third-person singular)

  1. he
  2. she
  3. it

来源参考(References)

Kevin M. Roddy (2007), "A Sketch Grammar Of Satawalese, The Language Of Satawal Island, Yap State, Micronesia"

Scots

词源1(Etymology 1)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Scots alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Middle English a, from Old English ān (“one; a; lone; sole”).

发音(Pronunciation)

Article

a

  1. a, an (indefinite article)
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Unlike English, this form can be used before both consonant and vowel sounds. However, this is not often the case in written Scots, probably due to the influence of English. [1]
同义词(Synonyms)
  • (before a vowel): an

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/a_indef_art

词源3(Etymology 3)

Determiner

a

  1. Alternative form of a'

副词(Adverb)

a

  1. Alternative form of a'

名词(Noun)

a (uncountable)

  1. Alternative form of a'

来源参考(References)

Scottish Gaelic

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Old Irish a, from Proto-Celtic *ō. Cognates include Irish a and Welsh a.

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

a (triggers lenition)

  1. Used to mark a vocative; O
    Halò, a Ruairidh. ― Hello, (O) Roderick.

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.

发音(Pronunciation)

Determiner

a

  1. (triggers lenition) his, its
  2. (triggers H-prothesis) her, its
查看更多(See also)
Scottish Gaelic possessive determiners

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. who, which, that
    Cuin a chluinneas tu e? ― When will you hear it? (literally, “When [is it] that you will hear it?”)

词源4(Etymology 4)

From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

a (triggers H-prothesis)

  1. Used before cardinal numbers not succeded by a noun
    A bheil agad a ceithir? ― Do you have four?

Etymology 5

From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

a (triggers lenition)

  1. Used to mark the infinitive of a verb; to
    Tha mi a' dol a chadal. ― I'm going to sleep.

Etymology 6

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

a (+ dative, triggers lenition)

  1. Reduced form of do
  2. Reduced form of de

Etymology 7

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

发音(Pronunciation)

Particle

a (triggers lenition)

  1. Form of an used before bheil
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Less frequently, am may be used before bheil as well.

Etymology 8

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a

  1. (dialectal) Alternative form of e (“he, it”)

Etymology 9

发音(Pronunciation)

感叹语(Interjection)

a!

  1. ah!
替代形式(Alternative forms)

来源参考(References)

  • MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “a”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN
  • Colin Mark (2003) The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 1
  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “a”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

See Translingual section.

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The 1st letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), followed by b.

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”).

Conjunction

a (Cyrillic spelling а)

  1. but, and (compare ȁli)
    Učio sam c(ij)elo posl(ij)epodne, a ništa nisam naučio. ― I studied for the whole afternoon, but I didn't learn anything.
    A kako biste vi to napravili? ― And how would you do that?
  2. while (on the contrary), whereas
    Stolovi su crveni, a stolice su zelene. ― The tables are red, whereas the chairs are green.
  3. (with da ne) without (usually after negative verbs)
    Ne mogu se uključiti u raspravu, a da ne napravim nered. ― I cannot enter a discussion without making a mess.
    Odlazi, a da nije rekao ni zbogom. ― He's leaving without even saying goodbye.
  4. (a ȉpāk) and yet
    Pravi prijatelj zna sve o tebi, a ipak te voli. ― The real friend knows everything about you, and yet he loves you.
  5. (a kȁmoli) not to mention, let alone
    U moru loših v(ij)esti teško je ostati objektivan, a kamoli optimističan. ― In the sea of bad news it's hard to stay objective, let alone optimistic.
  6. (a + i + da) even if
    A i da jesam to napravio, ne bi to učinilo neku razliku. ― Even if I did it, it wouldn't have made much of a difference.
  7. (a + i) and so, and also, and too
    Sviđaju mi se plavuše, a i ja se pokojoj svidim. ― I like blondes, and some of them even like me.
    Bili su žalosni, a i ja sam. ― They were sad, and so am I.

词源3(Etymology 3)

Attested since the 15th century. Probably of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Slovene a, Russian а (a), Lithuanian õ, Latin ō and Ancient Greek ὦ (ô). These could all derive from Proto-Indo-European interjection *ō (“oh, ah”), but each form in individual languages could easily be an independent, expressive formation.

感叹语(Interjection)

a (Cyrillic spelling а)

  1. oh, ah
    a da? ― oh really?

来源参考(References)

  • “a” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • “a” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • Skok, Petar (1971) Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 1, Zagreb: JAZU, page 1

Sicilian

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin ā (the name of the letter A).

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

a f

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.; a

词源2(Etymology 2)

From the lenition of la, from the apheresis of Vulgar Latin *illa, from Latin illam, from illa.

发音(Pronunciation)

Article

a f sg (m u, plural i)

  1. the (feminine singular definite article)
    Synonym: la
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • As for other Romance languages, such as Neapolitan or Portuguese, Sicilian definite articles have undergone a consonant lenition that has led to the phonetic fall of the initial l. The use of this illiquid variant has not yet made the use of liquid variants disappear, but today it is still the prevalent use in speech and writing.
  • In the case of the production of literary texts, such as singing or poetry, or of formal and institutional texts, resorting to "liquid articles" and "liquid articulated prepositions" confers greater euphony to the text, although it may sound a form of courtly recovery.
  • Illiquid definite articles can be phonetically absorbed by the following noun. I.e: l'arancina (liquid) and ârancina (illiquid).
Inflection
Sicilian articles
Masculine singular definite article Feminine singular definite article Masculine and feminine plural definite article
Definite articles (liquid) lu la li
Definite articles (illiquid) u a i
Definite articles nu
(also: un,'n) 		na

词源3(Etymology 3)

From the lenition of la, from the apheresis of Vulgar Latin *illa, from Latin illam, from illa.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • la (liquid form)

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

a f sg (plural i, masculine u)

  1. (accusative) her
    A canusci? ― Do you know her?
    Synonym: la
  2. (accusative) it, this or that thing
    Synonym: la
    Quannu tâ desi. ― When I gave it to you.
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • This pronoun can blend in contracted forms with other particles, especially other personal pronominal particles.
Inflection
Sicilian pronominal particles
Masculine singular pronominal particles Feminine singular pronominal particles Masculine and feminine plural pronominal particles
mi mû mâ mî
ti tû tâ tî
ci ci u ci a cî
ni nû nâ nî
vi vû vâ vî
ci ci u ci a cî

词源4(Etymology 4)

From the merge of Latin ad and ab.

Preposition

a

  1. indicates the indirect object; to
    Porta stu panaru â nanna.
    Bring this basket to grandma.
    Ê jatti ci piàciunu i pisci.
    Cats like fish.
    (literally, “Fish are pleasable to cats.”)
    E mû dumanni a mìa?
    You're asking that to me?
  2. indicates the place, used in some contexts, in others in is used; in, to
    Jemu â casa?
    Can we go home?
    (literally, “Can we go to the home?”)
    Cchiui staju a Palermu, a Ruma cci tornu dumani.
    I'm in Palermo now, I'll go back to Rome tomorrow.
  3. denotes the manner; with
    a pedi, a muzzu
  4. denotes the direct object, but only if it's not preceded by articles
    Chiama a Paulu.
    Call Paolo.
    E nun ni vidisti cchiui a nuiautri?
    And you didn't see us?
    Ascutassi a mìa, signù!
    Listen to me, ma'am!
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • When followed by a word that begins with a vowel sound, the form ad (also rhotacized as ar) is used instead.
  • When followed by the definite article, a combines with the article to produce the following combined forms:
a + article Combined form
a + u ô
a + lu a lu
a + a â
a + la a la
a + i ê
a + li a li

Etymology 5

动词(Verb)

a

  1. Misspelling of àvi.

Skolt Sami

发音(Pronunciation)

字母(Letter)

a (upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

查看更多(See also)

Slovak

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Latin a, form of A, from Etruscan 𐌀 (a), from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from Egyptian 𓃾.

字母(Letter)

a (upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”).

Conjunction

a

  1. and
衍生词(Derived terms)
  • a čo
  • a jednako
  • a predsa
  • a preto
  • a tak
  • a teda

查看更多(Further reading)

  • a in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Slovene

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Gaj's Latin alphabet a, from Czech alphabet a, modification of capital A.

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (phoneme, tonal variety): IPA(key): /áː/, /àː/, /ʌ́/, /a/, [â], [ǎ]
  • (phoneme, non-tonal variety): IPA(key): /aː/, /a/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /àː/, /áː/
  • Audio (letter name, non-tonal)
  • Rhymes: -aː
  • Homophone: a

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. The first letter of the Resian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  3. The first letter of the Natisone Valley dialect alphabet, written in the Latin script.

符号(Symbol)

a

  1. (SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [a].

名词(Noun)

ā m inan

  1. The name of the Latin script letter A / a.
  2. The name of the phonemes /a, aː, ʌ/.
Inflection
  • Overall more common
Masculine inan., soft o-stem
nom. sing. ā
gen. sing. ā-ja
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		ā ā-ja ā-ji
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		ā-ja ā-jev ā-jev
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		ā-ju ā-jema ā-jem
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		ā ā-ja ā-je
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		ā-ju ā-jih ā-jih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		ā-jem ā-jema ā-ji
  • More common when with a definite adjective
Masculine inan., no endings
nom. sing. ā
gen. sing. ā
singular dual plural
nominative ā ā ā
accusative ā ā ā
genitive ā ā ā
dative ā ā ā
locative ā ā ā
instrumental ā ā ā

衍生词(Derived terms)

  • à, á, ā, ȁ, ȃ
  • ã, ȧ, ä, å, ḁ, ą
  • če si rekel a, reci tudi b
  • ena a
  • od a do ž

词源2(Etymology 2)

Attested since the 18th century. Probably of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Serbo-Croatian a, Russian а (a), Lithuanian õ, Latin ō and Ancient Greek ὦ (ô). These could all derive from Proto-Indo-European interjection *ō (“oh, ah”), but each form in individual languages could easily be an independent, expressive formation.

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /àː/, /áː/, /á/
  • Audio (non-tonal, long)
  • Audio (non-tonal, short)

感叹语(Interjection)

a

  1. oh
  2. Used at the end of a sentence for confirmation, similarly to 'didn't I' in English.
    Tega nisi pričakoval, a? ― You did not expect this, did you?
同义词(Synonyms)

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Indo-European *ō̃t, which is ablative form of Proto-Indo-European *e- 'this'. Cognates with Serbo-Croatian a, Russian а (a) and Czech a.

发音(Pronunciation)

Conjunction

a

  1. but
    Synonyms: in, pa, toda, vendar

Particle

a

  1. contracted form of ali, particle used to form a yes- no question.
    Synonyms: kaj, ali

查看更多(See also)

查看更多(Further reading)

  • “a”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

字母(Letter)

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

名词(Noun)

a f (plural aes)

  1. Name of the letter A.
查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Latin ad (“to”).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • (obsolete) á
  • (obsolete) à

Preposition

a

  1. to
    • 1605, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Don Quijote de la Mancha