万维词典

【be】在多语言下的意思、翻译、词源、用法、例句

See also: Appendix:Variations of "be"

英语(English)

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Middle English been (“to be”). The various forms have three separate origins, which were mixed together at various times in the history of English.

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

be (highly irregular; inflected forms being, been, am, are, is, was, were)

  1. (intransitive, now usually literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive.
    The Universe has no explanation: it just is.
    • 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt[…] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], OCLC 762018299, Matthew ij:[18], folio iij, recto:
      Rachel wepynge ffor her chyldren / and wolde nott be comforted becauſe they were not.
    • c. 1599–1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii], page 265:
      To be, or not to be: that is the question: / Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, / Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, / And by opposing end them?
    • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes[…], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount[…], OCLC 946730821, page 351:
      […] it were great sottishnesse, and apparent false-hood, to say, that that is which is not yet in being, or that already hath ceased from being.
    • 1643, Thomas Browne, Religio Medici, II.2, link:
      There is surely a peece of Divinity in us, something that was before the Elements, and owes no homage unto the Sun.
    • 1893, Andrew Martin Fairbairn, Christ in the Centuries, and Other Sermons, volume 12, second edition, E.P. Dutton & Company, page 116:
      And after this death there is to be no resurrection. The old man of sin has ceased to be; once crucified, he lives no more. The death is utter; the end complete.
    • 1969 December 7, Monty Python, “Full Frontal Nudity, Dead Parrot sketch”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese):
      This parrot is no more! It has ceased to be! It's expired and gone to meet its maker! This is a late parrot! It's a stiff! Bereft of life, it rests in peace! If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies!
    • 2004, Richard Schickel, "Not Just an African Story", Time, 13 December:
      The genial hotel manager of the past is no more. Now owner of a trucking concern and living in Belgium, Rusesabagina says the horrors he witnessed in Rwanda "made me a different man."
  2. (with there, or dialectally it, as dummy subject) To exist.
    • c. 1596–1598, William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i], page 178:
      Some men there are loue not a gaping Pigge: / Some that are mad, if they behold a Cat: / And others, when the bag-pipe sings i’th nose, / Cannot containe their Vrine for affection.
    • 1817 December, [Jane Austen], Persuasion; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion.[…], volume IV, London: John Murray,[…], 1818, OCLC 318384910, page 170:
      "There is a sort of domestic enjoyment to be known even in a crowd, and this you had."
    • 2011, Mark Sweney, The Guardian, 6 July:
      "There has been lots of commentary on who is staying and who is staying out and this weekend will be the real test," said one senior media buying agency executive who has pulled the advertising for one major client.
    There is just one woman in town who can help us. (or, dialectally:) It is just one woman in town who can help us.
  3. (intransitive) To occupy a place.
    The cup is on the table.
  4. (intransitive) To occur, to take place.
    When will the meeting be?
  5. (intransitive, in perfect tenses, without predicate) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar, also extending to certain other senses of "go".
    The postman has been today, but my tickets have still not yet come.
    I have been to Spain many times.
    We've been about twenty miles.
    I have terrible constipation – I haven't been for several days.
    They have been to a great deal of trouble.
  6. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject and object are the same.
    Knowledge is bliss.
    Hi, I’m Jim.
  7. (transitive, copulative, mathematics) Used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same.
    3 times 5 is fifteen.
  8. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject is an instance of the predicate nominal.
    A dog is an animal. Dogs are animals.
  9. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject plays the role of the predicate nominal.
    François Mitterrand was president of France from 1981 to 1995.
  10. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by an adjective.
    The sky is blue.
    Father, if thou be willing, remove this cup from me: nevertheless not my will, but thine, be done. (Luke 22:42)
  11. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase.
    The sky is a deep blue today.
  12. (transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the passive voice.
    The dog was saved by the boy.
    • 1995, C. K. Ogden, Psyche: An Annual General and Linguistic Psychology 1920-1952, C. K. Ogden, →ISBN, page 13:
      Study courses of Esperanto and Ido have been broadcast.
  13. (transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the continuous forms of various tenses.
    The woman is walking.
    I shall be writing to you soon.
    We liked to chat while we were eating.
    • 1995, C. K. Ogden, Psyche: An Annual General and Linguistic Psychology 1920-1952, C. K. Ogden, →ISBN, page 13:
      In the possibility of radio uses of a constructed language — and such experiments are proving successful—vast sums of money and untold social forces may be involved.
  14. (auxiliary) Used to form the perfect aspect with certain intransitive verbs; this was more common in archaic use, especially with verbs indicating motion. "He is finished", and "He is gone" are common, but "He is come" is archaic.
  15. (formal, transitive, auxiliary) Used to express future action as well as what is due to, intended to, or should happen.
    They are to be married next month.
    They are to stay here until I return.
    They are not to be blamed.
    How are they to get out of this mess?
    I am to leave tomorrow.
    I would drive you, were I to obtain a car.
  16. (transitive, copulative) Used to link a subject to a measurement.
    This building is three hundred years old.
    I am 75 kilograms.
    He’s about 6 feet tall.
  17. (transitive, copulative, with a cardinal numeral) Used to state the age of a subject in years.
    I’m 20. (= I am 20 years old.)
  18. (with a dummy subject it) Used to indicate the time of day.
    It is almost eight. (= It is almost eight o’clock.)
    It’s 8:30 [read eight-thirty] in Tokyo.
    What time is it there? It’s night.
  19. (With since) Used to indicate passage of time since the occurrence of an event.
    It has been three years since my grandmother died. (similar to My grandmother died three years ago, but emphasizes the intervening period)
    It had been six days since his departure, when I received a letter from him.
  20. (rare and regional, chiefly in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses, the first of which is a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place), and the second of which is a period of time indicating how long ago that day was. [from 15th c.]
    I saw her Monday was a week: I saw her a week ago last Monday (a week before last Monday).
    On the morning of Sunday was fortnight before Christmas: on the morning of the Sunday that was two weeks before the Sunday prior to Christmas.
    • 1748, [Samuel Richardson], Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady:[…], volume V, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson;[…], OCLC 13631815, page 97:
      Miss Lardner (whom you have seen at her cousin Biddulph's) saw you at St James's church on Sunday was fortnight.
    • 1770, Ireland, Historical Memoirs of the Irish Rebellion, in the year 1641 ... In a letter to Walter Harris, Esq; [By John Curry.] The fourth edition, with corrections throughout the whole, and large additions, by the author, page 186:
      And so, without as much as to return home to furnish myself for such a journey, volens, nolens, they prevailed, or rather forced me to come to Dublin to confer with those colonels, and that was the last August was twelvemonth.
    • 1803, Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, Journals of the House of Commons, page 249:
      That they were present at the Election in August was Twelvemonth, at which there was the strictest Scrutiny that ever they saw in their Lives, by all the Four Candidates.
    • 1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], chapter V, in Guy Mannering;[…], volume I, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown,[…]; and Archibald Constable and Co.,[…], OCLC 742335644, pages 79-80:
      Allow me to recommend some of the kipper—It was John Hay that catched it Saturday was three weeks.
    • 1859, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], Adam Bede[…], volume III, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, OCLC 2108290, book fifth, page 53:
      “Did there come no young woman here—very young and pretty—Friday was a fortnight, to see Dinah Morris?”
    • 1895, Miss M. E. Rope of Suffolk, quoted by Joseph Wright, in The English Dialect Dictionary, page 202:
      'Twas there to-morrow is a week.
    • 1907, John Millington Synge, The Playboy of the Western World, I, page 20:
      I killed my poor father, Tuesday was a week, for doing the like of that.
    • 1920 (published), St. George Kieran Hyland, A Century of Persecution Under Tudor and Stuart Sovereigns from Contemporary Records, London, Paul, page 402, quoting an earlier document, Loosley volume 5, no. 28, "List of Prisoners: In Sir W. More's handwriting": :
      Theobald Green gent dead in the Marshalsea in August was twelvemonth
      John Grey gent delivered out of the Marshalsea about August last by Mr. Secretary and remains in St. Mary Overies.
      John Jacob gent delivered out of the Marsh. the XVII of May was twelvemonth and sent to Bridewell by order of the Council.
  21. (often impersonal, with it as a dummy subject) Used to indicate weather, air quality, or the like.
    It is hot in Arizona, but it is not usually humid.
    Why is it so dark in here?
  22. (dynamic / lexical "be", especially in progressive tenses, conjugated non-suppletively in the present tense, see usage notes) To exist or behave in a certain way.
    • 2006 October 9, Kristin Newman (writer), Barney Stinson (character), How I Met Your Mother, season 2, episode 1:
      "When I get sad, I stop being sad and be awesome instead."
    "What do we do?" "We be ourselves."
    Why is he being nice to me?
  23. (African-American Vernacular, Caribbean, auxiliary, not conjugated) To tend to do, often do; marks the habitual aspect.
    • 1996, David Sheffield, Barry W. Blaustein, Tom Shadyac and Steve Oedekerk, screenplay of The Nutty Professor
      Women be shoppin’! You cannot stop a woman from shoppin’!
    • 2020, Moneybagg Yo, Thug Cry
      Niggas be tellin' these bitches 'bout business
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • When used copulatively with a pronoun, traditional grammar puts the pronoun in the subjective case (I, he, she, we, they) rather than the objective case (me, him, her, us, them), regardless of which side of the copula it is placed. For example, “I was the masked man” and “The masked man was I” would both be considered correct, while “The masked man was me” and “Me was the masked man” would both be incorrect. However, most colloquial speech treats the verb be as transitive, in which case the pronoun is used in the objective case if it occurs after the copula: “I was the masked man” but “The masked man was me”. This paradigm applies even if the copula is linking two pronouns; thus “I am her” and “She is me", and “Am I me?” (versus the traditional “I am she”, “She is I”, “Am I I?”). However, the use of whom with a copula is generally considered incorrect and a hypercorrection, though in some cases (especially in sentences involving a to-infinitive or a perfect tense), such as “Whom do you want to be?”, it can come naturally to some speakers; in short, straightforward sentences, such as “Whom are you?”, this is much rarer and likelier to be considered incorrect.
  • Except senses 12 (auxiliary forming the passive voice), 13 (auxiliary forming the continuous aspect) and 22 (dynamic or lexical be), this is generally a stative verb that rarely takes the continuous aspect. See Category:English stative verbs.
动词变化形式(Conjugation)

*Some non-standard dialects use were in these instances.
**Some non-standard dialects use was in these instances.
***Some non-standard forms use is in these instances.
****Some non-standard dialects use was in these instances.

*Some non-standard dialects will have were in these instances.
**Some non-standard dialects will have was in these instances.
***Subject pronoun is optional.

  • The verb be is the most irregular non-defective verb in Standard English. Unlike other verbs, which distinguish at most five forms (as in do–does–doing–did–done), be distinguishes many more:
    • Be itself is the plain form, used as the infinitive, as the imperative, and as the present subjunctive (though many speakers do not distinguish the present indicative and present subjunctive, using the indicative forms for both).
      I want to be a father someday. (infinitive)
      If that be true... (present subjunctive; is is common in this position)
      Allow the truth to be heard! (infinitive)
      Please be here by eight o’clock. (imperative)
      The librarian asked that the rare books not be touched. (present subjunctive; speakers that do not distinguish the subjunctive and indicative would use an auxiliary verb construction here)
    • Be is also used as the present tense indicative form in the alternative, dynamic / lexical conjugation of be:
      What do we do? We be ourselves. (first-person plural present indicative, lexical be)
      but: Who are we? We are human beings. (first-person plural present indicative, copula be)
      • It is also an archaic alternative form of the indicative, especially in the plural:[1]
      The powers that be, are ordained of God. (Romans 13:1, Tyndale Bible, 1526)[2]
      We are true men; we are no spies: We be twelve brethren... (Genesis 42:31-2, King James Version, 1611)[3]
      I think it be thine indeed, for thou liest in it. (Hamlet, Act V, Scene 1, circa 1600 — though this may be viewed as the subjunctive instead)[4]
    • Am, are, and is are the forms of the present indicative. Am is the first-person singular (used with I); is is the third-person singular (used with he, she, it and other subjects that would be used with does rather than do); and are is both the second-person singular and the plural (used with we, you, they, and any other plural subjects).
      Am I in the right place? (first-person singular present indicative)
      You are even taller than your brother! (second-person singular present indicative)
      Where is the library? (third-person singular present indicative)
      These are the biggest shoes we have. (plural present indicative)
    • Was and were are the forms of the past indicative and past subjunctive (like did). In the past indicative, was is the first- and third-person singular (used with I, as well as with he, she, it and other subjects that would be used with does rather than do), and were is both the second-person singular and the plural (used with we, you, they, and any other plural subjects). In the traditional past subjunctive, were is used with all subjects, though many speakers do not actually distinguish the past subjunctive from the past indicative, and therefore use was with first- and third-person singular subjects even in cases where other speakers would use were.
      I was out of town. (first-person singular past indicative)
      You were the first person here. (second-person singular past indicative)
      The room was dirty. (third-person singular past indicative)
      We were angry at each other. (plural past indicative)
      I wish I were more sure. (first-person singular past subjunctive; was is also common, though considered less correct by some)
      If she were here, she would know what to do. (third-person singular past subjunctive; was is also common, though considered less correct by some)
    • Being is the gerund and present participle, used in progressive aspectual forms, after various catenative verbs, and in other constructions that function like nouns, adjectivally or adverbially. (It’s also used as a deverbal noun and as a conjunction; see those senses in the entry for being itself.)
      Being in London and being in Tokyo have similar rewards but in different languages. (gerund in grammatical subject)
      All of a sudden, he’s being nice to everyone. (present participle in progressive aspect)
      His mood being good increased his productivity noticeably. (present participle in adjectival phrase)
      It won’t stop being a problem until someone does something about it. (gerund after catenative verb)
    • Been is the past participle, used in the perfect aspect. In Middle English, it was also the infinitive.
      It’s been that way for a week and a half.
  • In archaic or obsolete forms of English, with the pronoun thou, the verb be has a few additional forms:
    • When the pronoun thou was in regular use, the forms art, wast, and wert were the corresponding present indicative, past indicative, and past subjunctive, respectively.
    • As thou became less common and more highly marked, a special present-subjunctive form beest developed (replacing the regular present subjunctive form be, still used with all other subjects). Additionally, the form wert, previously a past subjunctive form, came to be used as a past indicative as well.
  • The forms am, is, and are can contract with preceding subjects: I’m (“I am”), ’s (“is”), ’re (“are”). The form are most commonly contracts with personal pronouns (we’re (“we are”), you’re (“you are”), they’re (“they are”)), but contractions with other subjects are possible; the form is contracts quite freely with a variety of subjects. These contracted forms, however, are possible only when there is an explicit, non-preposed complement, and they cannot be stressed; therefore, contraction does not occur in sentences such as the following:
    Who’s here? —I am.
    I wonder what it is.
    I don’t want to be involved. —But you are involved, regardless.
  • Several of the finite forms of be have special negative forms, containing the suffix -n’t, that can be used instead of adding the adverb not. Specifically, the forms is, are, was, and were have the negative forms isn’t, aren’t, wasn’t, and weren’t. The form be itself does not, even in finite uses, with “not be” being used in the present subjunctive and “do not be” or “don’t be” (or, in dated use, “be not”) being used in the imperative. The form am has the negative forms aren’t, amn’t, and ain’t, but all of these are in restricted use; see their entries for details.
  • Outside of Standard English, there is some variation in usage of some forms; some dialects, for example, use is or ’s throughout the present indicative (supplanting, in whole or in part, am and are), and/or was throughout the past indicative and past subjunctive (supplanting were).
Quotations
替代形式(Alternative forms)
同义词(Synonyms)
翻译(Translations)
See be/translations § Verb.

来源参考(References)

词源2(Etymology 2)

A variant of by which goes back to Middle English be (variant of Middle English bi).

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

be

  1. (dialectal, possibly dated) Alternative form of by. Also found in compounds, especially oaths, e.g. begorra.
    • 1851, Oliver Ormerod, Felley fro Rachde:
      O ful tru un pertikler akeawnt o... th' greyt Eggshibishun. Be o felley fro Rachde.
    • 1860, Henry Baird, The Song of Solomon in the Devonshire Dialect, i 8:
      Go thy way vorth be tha vootsteps uv tha vlock.
    • 1870, Joseph Philip Robson, Evangeline: The Spirit of Progress, 332:
      Aw teuk me seat be day an' neet.
    • 1870, Roger Piketah, Forness Folk 44:
      Fetchin' it yan... be a round about rooad.
    • 1878, John Castillo, Poems in the North Yorkshire Dialect, 35:
      Like a leeaf be firm decree / Mun fade an' fall.
    • 1885, Alfred Lord Tennyson, To-morrow:
      ‘I'll meet you agin to-morra,’ says he, ‘be the chapel-door.’

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ Goold Brown (1851), “Of Verbs”, in The Grammar of English Grammars,[…], New York, N.Y.: […] Samuel S. & William Wood,[…], page 357.
  2. ^ [William Tyndale, transl.] (1526) The Newe Testamẽt[…] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], OCLC 762018299, Romans xiij:[1], folio ccxiij, recto: “The powers that be / are ordeyned off God.”
  3. ^ The Holy Bible,[…] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker,[…], 1611, OCLC 964384981, Genesis 42:31–32, column 2: “We are true men; we are no ſpies. We be twelue brethren[…]”.
  4. ^ William Shakespeare (c. 1599–1602), “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i], page 277, column 2: “I thinke it be thine indeed: for thou lieſt in’t.”
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Joseph Wright, editor (1898), “BE”, in The English Dialect Dictionary:[…], volume I (A–C), London: Henry Frowde,[…], publisher to the English Dialect Society,[…]; New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, OCLC 81937840.

变位词(Anagrams)

Albanian

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-Albanian *bẹðə < *baidā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoydʰ-eh₂ < *bʰeydʰ- (“to persuade”).[1] Compare Old English bād (“pledge, expectation”), Proto-Slavic *bě̄dà, Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō), Latin foedus.

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be f (indefinite plural be, definite singular beja, definite plural betë)

  1. oath
  2. vow, swearing

衍生词(Derived terms)

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ Schumacher, Stefan; Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 236

Balinese

名词(Noun)

be

  1. fish
  2. meat, fish, tofu, egg (everything that is eaten with rice except vegetables)

Basque

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be inan

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

变化形式(Declension)

Declension of be (inanimate, ending in vowel)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive be bea beak
ergative bek beak beek
dative beri beari beei
genitive beren bearen been
comitative berekin bearekin beekin
causative berengatik bearengatik beengatik
benefactive berentzat bearentzat beentzat
instrumental bez beaz beez
inessive betan bean beetan
locative betako beko beetako
allative betara bera beetara
terminative betaraino beraino beetaraino
directive betarantz berantz beetarantz
destinative betarako berako beetarako
ablative betatik betik beetatik
partitive berik — —
prolative betzat — —

查看更多(See also)

Blagar

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. pig

来源参考(References)

Catalan

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be f (plural bes)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.
用法注意(Usage notes)

In some dialects of Catalan, the sounds associated with the letter b and the letter v are the same: [b ~ β]. In order to differentiate be and ve in those dialects, the letters are often called be alta (“high B”) and ve baixa (“low V”).

衍生词(Derived terms)

词源2(Etymology 2)

Onomatopoeic from the sound of a lamb.

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be m (plural bens)

  1. sheep, ram, ewe, lamb; an individual of the species Ovis aries.

Dorasque

名词(Noun)

be

  1. (Changuena, Chumulu, Gualaca) night

来源参考(References)

  • Alphonse Louis Pinart, Vocabulario Castellano-dorasque, Dialectos Chumulu, Gualaca Y Changuina (1890)

Esperanto

词源(Etymology)

Onomatopoeic.

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): [ˈbe]
  • Rhymes: -e
  • Hyphenation: '‧be

感叹语(Interjection)

be

  1. The characteristic cry of a sheep.

衍生词(Derived terms)

Faroese

名词(Noun)

be n (genitive singular bes, plural be)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

变化形式(Declension)

Declension of be
n4 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative be beið be beini
accusative be beið be beini
dative be, bei benum beum beunum
genitive bes besins bea beanna

查看更多(See also)

Guerrero Amuzgo

形容词(Adjective)

be

  1. red

Hungarian

发音(Pronunciation)

副词(Adverb)

be (comparative beljebb, superlative legbeljebb)

  1. in (towards the interior of a defined space, such as a building or room)
    Antonym: ki

用法注意(Usage notes)

This term may also be part of the split form of a verb prefixed with be-, occurring when the main verb does not follow the prefix directly. It can be interpreted only with the related verb form, irrespective of its position in the sentence, e.g. meg tudták volna nézni (“they could have seen it”, from megnéz). For verbs with this prefix, see be-; for an overview, Appendix:Hungarian verbal prefixes.

衍生词(Derived terms)

Compound words

关联词(Related terms)

查看更多(Further reading)

  • (adverb: “in”): be in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (interjection-like adverb: “how…!”; a dated, poetic synonym of de): be in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • be in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2022)

Iau

名词(Noun)

be

  1. fire

查看更多(Further reading)

Bill Palmer, The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

Ido

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be (plural be-i)

  1. The name of the Latin script letter B/b.

查看更多(See also)

Italian

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be f (invariable)

  1. (regional) Obsolete form of bi

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ be in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
  • be in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Japanese

罗马化(Romanization)

be

  1. Rōmaji transcription of べ (hiragana)
  2. Rōmaji transcription of ベ (katakana)

Karajá

名词(Noun)

be

  1. water

来源参考(References)

  • David Lee Fortune, Gramática Karajá: um Estudo Preliminar em Forma Transformacional

Latin

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

bē f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter B.

相关搭配(Coordinate terms)

来源参考(References)

  • Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Lithuanian

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

be (with genitive)

  1. (shows absence of something) without
  2. besides; but, except

反义词(Antonyms)

Malagasy

形容词(Adjective)

be

  1. big; great
    Antonym: kely
  2. many; numerous

中古英语(Middle English)

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Old English bēon.

动词(Verb)

be

  1. Alternative form of been

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Old English bēo.

名词(Noun)

be

  1. Alternative form of bee

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Old English bēo, bēom, first-person singular of bēon, from Proto-Germanic *biumi, first-person singular of *beuną,

动词(Verb)

be

  1. first-person singular present indicative of been
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Less common than am.

词源4(Etymology 4)

From Old English bēo, singular subjunctive of bēon.

动词(Verb)

be

  1. singular present subjunctive of been
派生词(Descendants)
  • English: be
  • Scots: be

Etymology 5

From Old English bēo, 2nd-person singular imperative of bēon, from Proto-Germanic *beu, 2nd-person singular imperative of *beuną.

动词(Verb)

be

  1. singular imperative of been
派生词(Descendants)
  • English: be
  • Scots: be

Etymology 6

Old English bēoþ (with the -þ replaced with an -n levelled in from the past and subjunctive, then lost), present plural of bēon (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *biunþi, third-person present plural of *beuną (“to be, become”).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. plural present of been
用法注意(Usage notes)

The usual plural form of been is aren in the North, been in the Midlands, and beth in the South; sind also existed, especially early on, but was not the predominant form in any area.

派生词(Descendants)
  • English: be (obsolete or dialectal as the plural)
  • Scots: be

Mòcheno

词源(Etymology)

From Middle High German wec, from Old High German weg, from Proto-West Germanic *weg, from Proto-Germanic *wegaz (“way, path”). Cognate with German Weg, English way.

名词(Noun)

be m

  1. path, way

衍生词(Derived terms)

来源参考(References)

Norwegian Bokmål

词源(Etymology)

From Old Norse biðja

动词(Verb)

be (imperative be, present tense ber, passive bes, simple past ba or bad, past participle bedt, present participle beende)

  1. to pray
  2. to ask something of someone

同义词(Synonyms)

衍生词(Derived terms)

关联词(Related terms)

来源参考(References)

  • “be” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
  • “be” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Norwegian Nynorsk

替代形式(Alternative forms)

词源(Etymology)

From Old Norse biðja. Akin to English bid.

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

be (present tense ber, past tense bad, supine bede or bedd or bedt, past participle beden or bedd, present participle bedande, imperative be)

  1. to pray
  2. to ask something of someone

衍生词(Derived terms)

关联词(Related terms)

来源参考(References)

  • “be” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • “be” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Occitan

发音(Pronunciation)

  • Audio (Gascon)

名词(Noun)

be f (plural bes)

  1. bee (the letter b)

Old English

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-Germanic *bi.

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

be

  1. about (concerning)
  2. by, in various senses:
    1. near or next to
    2. not later than
    3. based on, according to

查看更多(See also)

Old Irish

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • (2nd sg. pres. subj.): ba

动词(Verb)

be

  1. second-person singular present subjunctive of is
  2. first/second-person singular future of is

Old Prussian

Conjunction

be

  1. and
    wāiklis be mērgā - a boy and a girl

Preposition

be

  1. without

Phalura

词源(Etymology)

From Sanskrit वयम् (vayam, “we”).

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

be (personal, Perso-Arabic spelling بےۡ)

  1. we (1pl nom)

来源参考(References)

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[1], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “be”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Polish

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /bɛ/
  • Audio
  • Rhymes: -ɛ
  • Syllabification: be

词源1(Etymology 1)

From the phonetic pronunciation of the letter B/b.

名词(Noun)

be n (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

词源2(Etymology 2)

Onomatopoeic.

形容词(Adjective)

be (comparative bardziej be, superlative najbardziej be, adverb be)

  1. (childish) icky, yucky
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:zły

副词(Adverb)

be (comparative bardziej be, superlative najbardziej be)

  1. (childish) icky, yucky

感叹语(Interjection)

be

  1. (colloquial) Used with children to tell them not to touch something, bad! no touchy!
  2. (onomatopoeia) Used to imitate the sound of a sheep or ram, baa
    Synonym: me

衍生词(Derived terms)

adjective
interjection
nouns
verbs

查看更多(Further reading)

  • be in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • be in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

词源(Etymology)

Onomatopoeic.

感叹语(Interjection)

be

  1. baa (sound made by sheep or goats)

Savi

词源(Etymology)

From Sanskrit वयम् (vayam).

代词(Pronoun)

be

  1. we; first-person plural personal pronoun

来源参考(References)

  • Nina Knobloch (2020) A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎[2], Stockholm University

Scots

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Middle English been, from Old English bēon. The various forms have different further etymologies:

Cognates include English be.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. to be
动词变化形式(Conjugation)
    Conjugation of be (highly irregular, suppletive)
    Northern Scots conjugation of be (highly irregular, suppletive)

词源2(Etymology 2)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

发音(Pronunciation)

Conjunction

be

  1. Alternative form of by

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ “be, v..” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
  2. ^ “by, prep., adv., conj..” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.

Serili

名词(Noun)

be

  1. water

来源参考(References)

  • Roger Blench, The Enggano (in notes)
  • ABVD (as 'bɛ)
  • ASJP (as bE, representing bɛ)

Slovene

词源(Etymology)

Probably from the German name of the letter B (pronounced [beː]).

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

bẹ̑ m inan

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

Inflection

Masculine inan., soft o-stem
nom. sing. bé
gen. sing. bêja
singular dual plural
nominative bé bêja bêji
accusative bé bêja bêje
genitive bêja bêjev bêjev
dative bêju bêjema bêjem
locative bêju bêjih bêjih
instrumental bêjem bêjema bêji

同义词(Synonyms)

Sotho

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-Bantu *-bɪ́ɪ̀.

形容词(Adjective)

be

  1. bad

Spanish

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

名词(Noun)

be f (plural bes)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.
    Synonyms: be larga, be alta, be grande, be de burro
    Coordinate terms: uve, ve corta, ve baja, ve chica, ve de vaca

词源2(Etymology 2)

Echoic.

名词(Noun)

be m (plural bes)

  1. baa (bleating of a sheep)

查看更多(Further reading)

Sumerian

罗马化(Romanization)

be

  1. Romanization of 𒁁 (be)

Swedish

替代形式(Alternative forms)

词源(Etymology)

From older bedja, from Old Swedish biþia, from Old Norse biðja, from Proto-Germanic *bidjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ-. Cognate with Danish bede, Icelandic biðja, English bid, Dutch bidden, German bitten.

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

be (present ber, preterite bad, supine bett, imperative be)

  1. to ask for, request someone else to do something
  2. to pray
  3. to beg, to plead with someone for help or for a favor

动词变化形式(Conjugation)

Conjugation of be (class 5 strong)
Conjugation of bedja (class 5 strong, dated)

关联词(Related terms)

Tarao

替代形式(Alternative forms)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. bean, beans

来源参考(References)

  • 2002, Chungkham Yashwanta Singh, Tarao Grammar

Turkish

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Arabic بَاء‎ (bāʾ).

名词(Noun)

be

  1. Letter of the Arabic alphabet: ب

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Ottoman Turkish به‎ (be).

感叹语(Interjection)

be

  1. (very informal) hey there, hey! you! (implying disapproval of the addressee’s actions)
  2. strengthening of the preceding sentence
    Bu yük çok ağır be! ― My, this load is very heavy

来源参考(References)

Tzotzil

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (Zinacantán) IPA(key): /ɓɛ/

名词(Noun)

be

  1. road, path, way

来源参考(References)

Vietnamese

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. wine flask
    Rượu ngon chẳng quản be sành.
    Good wine does not mind a terracotta flask.

词源2(Etymology 2)

Borrowed from French beige.

形容词(Adjective)

be

  1. beige
    chiếc áo mưa màu be — a beige raincoat

词源3(Etymology 3)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. To build a mud embankment with one's hands.
  2. To prop up the lip of a sack while topping off the sack, to ensure a more generous quantity.
    lấy tay be miệng đấu khi đong đỗ — to surround the top of a measure with one's hands while measuring beans
    Đong bình thường, không được be đâu đấy. — Measure it out normally; don't prop up the lip of the sack.

词源4(Etymology 4)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. To hug a boundary or riverbank.
    Thuyền be theo bờ sông.
    The boat hugged the riverbank.

Etymology 5

Onomatopoeic

感叹语(Interjection)

be • (𠻻, 𠾦)

  1. (onomatopoeia) bleat; baa
关联词(Related terms)

来源参考(References)

"be" in Hồ Ngọc Đức, Free Vietnamese Dictionary Project (details)

West Makian

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. water

来源参考(References)

  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[3], Pacific linguistics

Yola

词源1(Etymology 1)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. Alternative form of ba (“to be”)
    • 1867, SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
      Well, gosp, c'hull be zeid.
      Well, gossip, it shall be told.

词源2(Etymology 2)

Preposition

be

  1. Alternative form of bee (“by”)
    • 1867, SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
      be mee coshes.
      by my conscience.

来源参考(References)

  • Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 84 & 90

Zia

名词(Noun)

be

  1. mouth

Zou

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

bè

  1. bean

来源参考(References)

  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40

Zulu

词源(Etymology)

From -ba (“to be”).

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /ɓe/

动词(Verb)

-be

  1. (auxiliary) forms continuous tenses [+participial]
    Ngesonto elilandelayo ngizobe ngisebenza kakhulu.
    Next week I will be working a lot.

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

用法注意(Usage notes)

In past tenses, this auxiliary is usually contracted.

Ngibe ngihamba → Bengihamba "I was walking." (recent past)

Ngabe ngihamba → Ngangihamba "I was walking." (remote past)

来源参考(References)

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “-ɓe”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-ɓe”


本页面最后更新于2022-05-07 00:57，点击更新本页，查看原网页。

本站的所有资料包括但不限于文字、图片等全部转载于维基词典(wiktionary.org)，遵循 维基百科:CC BY-SA 3.0协议

万维词典为维基百科爱好者建立的公益网站，旨在为中国大陆网民提供优质内容，您还可以直接访问维基词典官方网站。

万维家族

万维百科
  中文版
  英文版
  日语版
  粤语版
  文言版
万维词典
  中文版
  英文版
  日语版
  法语版
万维文库
  中文版
  英文版
万维语录
  中文版
  英文版
万维旅游
  中文版
  英文版

顶部

如果本页面有数学、化学、物理等公式未正确显示，请使用火狐或者Safari浏览器