万维词典

【be】在多语言下的意思、翻译、词源、用法、例句

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "be"

英语(English)

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Middle English been (“to be”). The various forms have three separate origins, which were mixed together at various times in the history of English.

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

be (highly irregular)

  1. (intransitive, now literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive.
    • 1526, Bible, tr. William Tyndale, Matthew 2:
      Rachel wepynge ffor her chyldren, and wolde nott be comforted because they were not.
    • c. 1600, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, Act 3, Scene 1:
      To be, or not to be: that is the question: / Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, / Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, / And by opposing end them?
    • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes[…], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount[…], OCLC 946730821:
      […] it were great sottishnesse, and apparent false-hood, to say, that that is which is not yet in being, or that already hath ceased from being.
    • 1643, Thomas Browne, Religio Medici, II.2:
      There is surely a peece of Divinity in us, something that was before the Elements, and owes no homage unto the Sun.
    • 1893, Andrew Martin Fairbairn, Christ in the Centuries, and Other Sermons‎[1], volume 12, second edition, E.P. Dutton & Company, page 116:
      And after this death there is to be no resurrection. The old man of sin has ceased to be; once crucified, he lives no more. The death is utter; the end complete.
    • 1969 December 7, Monty Python, “Full Frontal Nudity, Dead Parrot sketch”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese):
      This parrot is no more! It has ceased to be! It's expired and gone to meet its maker! This is a late parrot! It's a stiff! Bereft of life, it rests in peace! If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies!
    • 2004, Richard Schickel, "Not Just an African Story", Time, 13 December:
      The genial hotel manager of the past is no more. Now owner of a trucking concern and living in Belgium, Rusesabagina says the horrors he witnessed in Rwanda "made me a different man."
  2. (with there, or dialectally it, as dummy subject) To exist.
    • 1598, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice:
      Some men there are loue not a gaping Pigge: / Some that are mad, if they behold a Cat: / And others, when the bag-pipe sings i’th nose, / Cannot containe their Vrine for affection.
    • 1817, Jane Austen, Persuasion:
      "There is a sort of domestic enjoyment to be known even in a crowd, and this you had."
    • 2011, Mark Sweney, The Guardian, 6 July:
      "There has been lots of commentary on who is staying and who is staying out and this weekend will be the real test," said one senior media buying agency executive who has pulled the advertising for one major client.
    There is just one woman in town who can help us. (or, dialectally:) It is just one woman in town who can help us.
  3. (intransitive) To occupy a place.
    The cup is on the table.
  4. (intransitive) To occur, to take place.
    When will the meeting be?
  5. (intransitive, in perfect tenses, without predicate) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar.
    The postman has been today, but my tickets have still not yet come.
    I have been to Spain many times.
    Moscow, huh? I've never been, but it sounds fascinating.
  6. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject and object are the same.
    Knowledge is bliss.
    Hi, I’m Jim.
  7. (transitive, copulative, mathematics) Used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same.
    3 times 5 is fifteen.
  8. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject is an instance of the predicate nominal.
    A dog is an animal. Dogs are animals.
  9. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject plays the role of the predicate nominal.
    François Mitterrand was president of France from 1981 to 1995.
  10. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by an adjective.
    The sky is blue.
  11. (transitive, copulative) Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase.
    The sky is a deep blue today.
  12. (transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the passive voice.
    The dog was saved by the boy.
    • 1995, C. K. Ogden, Psyche: An Annual General and Linguistic Psychology 1920-1952, C. K. Ogden, →ISBN, page 13:
      Study courses of Esperanto and Ido have been broadcast.
  13. (transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the continuous forms of various tenses.
    The woman is walking.
    I shall be writing to you soon.
    We liked to chat while we were eating.
    • 1995, C. K. Ogden, Psyche: An Annual General and Linguistic Psychology 1920-1952, C. K. Ogden, →ISBN, page 13:
      In the possibility of radio uses of a constructed language — and such experiments are proving successful—vast sums of money and untold social forces may be involved.
  14. (auxiliary) Used to form the perfect aspect with certain intransitive verbs; this was more common in archaic use, especially with verbs indicating motion. "He is finished", and "He is gone" are common, but "He is come" is archaic.
    • 1606, Macbeth by William Shakespeare:
      They are not yet come back. (instead of the modern They have not yet come back.)
    • 1850, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, The Blessed Damozel, ll.67-68
      ‘I wish that he were come to me, / For he will come,’ she said.
    • Matthew 28:6 (various translations, from the King James Version of 1611 to Revised Version of 1881):
      He is not here; for he is risen[…].
    • 1922, A. E. Housman, Last Poems XXV, l.13:
      The King with half the East at heel is marched from lands of morning;
  15. (formal, transitive, auxiliary) Used to express future action as well as what is due to, intended to, or should happen.
    They are to be married next month.
    They are to stay here until I return.
    They are not to be blamed.
    How are they to get out of this mess?
    I am to leave tomorrow.
    I would drive you, were I to obtain a car.
  16. (transitive, copulative) Used to link a subject to a measurement.
    This building is three hundred years old.
    I am 75 kilograms.
    He’s about 6 feet tall.
  17. (transitive, copulative, with a cardinal numeral) Used to state the age of a subject in years.
    I’m 20. (= I am 20 years old.)
  18. (with a dummy subject it) Used to indicate the time of day.
    It is almost eight. (= It is almost eight o’clock.)
    It’s 8:30 [read eight-thirty] in Tokyo.
    What time is it there? It’s night.
  19. (With since) Used to indicate passage of time since the occurrence of an event.
    It has been three years since my grandmother died. (similar to My grandmother died three years ago, but emphasizes the intervening period)
    It had been six days since his departure, when I received a letter from him.
  20. (rare and regional, chiefly in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses, the first of which is a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place), and the second of which is a period of time indicating how long ago that day was. [from 15th c.]
    I saw her Monday was a week: I saw her a week ago last Monday (a week before last Monday).
    On the morning of Sunday was fortnight before Christmas: on the morning of the Sunday that was two weeks before the Sunday prior to Christmas.
    • 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa, Letter 229:
      Miss Lardner (whom you have seen at her cousin Biddulph's) saw you at St James's church on Sunday was fortnight.
    • 1770, Ireland, Historical Memoirs of the Irish Rebellion, in the year 1641 ... In a letter to Walter Harris, Esq; [By John Curry.] The fourth edition, with corrections throughout the whole, and large additions, by the author, page 186:
      And so, without as much as to return home to furnish myself for such a journey, volens, nolens, they prevailed, or rather forced me to come to Dublin to confer with those colonels, and that was the last August was twelvemonth.
    • 1803, Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, Journals of the House of Commons, page 249:
      That they were present at the Election in August was Twelvemonth, at which there was the strictest Scrutiny that ever they saw in their Lives, by all the Four Candidates.
    • 1815, Walter Scott, Guy Mannering, I.5:
      Allow me to recommend some of the kipper—It was John Hay that catched it Saturday was three weeks.
    • 1859, George Eliot, Adam Bede:
      “Did there come no young woman here—very young and pretty—Friday was a fortnight, to see Dinah Morris?”
    • 1895, Miss M. E. Rope of Suffolk, quoted by Joseph Wright, in The English Dialect Dictionary, page 202:
      'Twas there to-morrow is a week.
    • 1915, John Millington Synge, The Playboy of the Western World, I:
      I killed my poor father, Tuesday was a week, for doing the like of that.
    • 1920 (published), St. George Kieran Hyland, A Century of Persecution Under Tudor and Stuart Sovereigns from Contemporary Records, London, Paul, page 402, quoting an earlier document, Loosley volume 5, no. 28, "List of Prisoners: In Sir W. More's handwriting": :
      Theobald Green gent dead in the Marshalsea in August was twelvemonth
      John Grey gent delivered out of the Marshalsea about August last by Mr. Secretary and remains in St. Mary Overies.
      John Jacob gent delivered out of the Marsh. the XVII of May was twelvemonth and sent to Bridewell by order of the Council.
  21. (often impersonal, with it as a dummy subject) Used to indicate weather, air quality, or the like.
    It is hot in Arizona, but it is not usually humid.
    Why is it so dark in here?
  22. (dynamic / lexical "be", especially in progressive tenses, conjugated non-suppletively in the present tense, see usage notes) To exist or behave in a certain way.
    • 2006 October 9, Kristin Newman (writer), Barney Stinson (character), How I Met Your Mother, season 2, episode 1:
      "When I get sad, I stop being sad and be awesome instead."
    "What do we do?" "We be ourselves."
    Why is he being nice to me?
  23. (African-American Vernacular, Caribbean, auxiliary, not conjugated) To tend to do, often do; marks the habitual aspect.
    • 1996, David Sheffield, Barry W. Blaustein, Tom Shadyac and Steve Oedekerk, screenplay of The Nutty Professor
      Women be shoppin’! You cannot stop a woman from shoppin’!
    • 2020, Moneybagg Yo, Thug Cry
      Niggas be tellin' these bitches 'bout business
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • When used copulatively with a pronoun, traditional grammar puts the pronoun in the subjective case (I, he, she, we, they) rather than the objective case (me, him, her, us, them), regardless of which side of the copula it is placed. For example, “I was the masked man” and “The masked man was I” would both be considered correct, while “The masked man was me” and “Me was the masked man” would both be incorrect. However, most colloquial speech treats the verb be as transitive, in which case the pronoun is used in the objective case if it occurs after the copula: “I was the masked man” but “The masked man was me”. This paradigm applies even if the copula is linking two pronouns; thus “I am her” and “She is me", and “Am I me?” (versus the traditional “I am she”, “She is I”, “Am I I?”). However, the use of whom with a copula is generally considered incorrect and a hypercorrection, though in some cases (especially in sentences involving a to-infinitive or a perfect tense), such as “Whom do you want to be?”, it can come naturally to some speakers; in short, straightforward sentences, such as “Whom are you?”, this is much rarer and likelier to be considered incorrect.
  • With the exception of senses 12, 13, and 22, this is generally a stative verb that rarely takes the continuous inflection. See Category:English stative verbs
动词变化形式(Conjugation)

*Some non-standard dialects use were in these instances.
**Some non-standard dialects use was in these instances.

*Some non-standard dialects will have were in these instances.
**Some non-standard dialects will have was in these instances.
***Subject pronoun is optional.

  • The verb be is the most irregular non-defective verb in Standard English. Unlike other verbs, which distinguish at most five forms (as in do–does–doing–did–done), be distinguishes many more:
    • Be itself is the plain form, used as the infinitive, as the imperative, and as the present subjunctive (though many speakers do not distinguish the present indicative and present subjunctive, using the indicative forms for both).
      I want to be a father someday. (infinitive)
      If that be true... (present subjunctive; is is common in this position)
      Allow the truth to be heard! (infinitive)
      Please be here by eight o’clock. (imperative)
      The librarian asked that the rare books not be touched. (present subjunctive; speakers that do not distinguish the subjunctive and indicative would use an auxiliary verb construction here)
    • Be is also used as the present tense indicative form in the alternate, dynamic / lexical conjugation of be:
      What do we do? We be ourselves. (first-person plural present indicative, lexical be)
      but: Who are we? We are human beings. (first-person plural present indicative, copula be)
      • It is also an archaic alternative form of the indicative, especially in the plural[2]:
      The powers that be, are ordained of God. (Romans 13:1, Tyndale Bible, 1526)
      We are true men; we are no spies: We be twelve brethren... (Genesis 42:31-2, King James Version, 1611)
      I think it be thine indeed, for thou liest in it. (Hamlet, Act V, Scene 1, circa 1600)
    • Am, are, and is are the forms of the present indicative. Am is the first-person singular (used with I); is is the third-person singular (used with he, she, it and other subjects that would be used with does rather than do); and are is both the second-person singular and the plural (used with we, you, they, and any other plural subjects).
      Am I in the right place? (first-person singular present indicative)
      You are even taller than your brother! (second-person singular present indicative)
      Where is the library? (third-person singular present indicative)
      These are the biggest shoes we have. (plural present indicative)
    • Was and were are the forms of the past indicative and past subjunctive (like did). In the past indicative, was is the first– and third-person singular (used with I, as well as with he, she, it and other subjects that would be used with does rather than do), and were is both the second-person singular and the plural (used with we, you, they, and any other plural subjects). In the traditional past subjunctive, were is used with all subjects, though many speakers do not actually distinguish the past subjunctive from the past indicative, and therefore use was with first– and third-person singular subjects even in cases where other speakers would use were.
      I was out of town. (first-person singular past indicative)
      You were the first person here. (second-person singular past indicative)
      The room was dirty. (third-person singular past indicative)
      We were angry at each other. (plural past indicative)
      I wish I were more sure. (first-person singular past subjunctive; was is also common, though considered less correct by some)
      If she were here, she would know what to do. (third-person singular past subjunctive; was is also common, though considered less correct by some)
    • Being is the gerund and present participle, used in noun-like constructions, in the progressive aspect, and after various verbs (like doing). (It’s also used as an actual noun; for those senses, see the entry for being itself.)
      I don’t like being here. (gerund)
      All of a sudden, he’s being nice to everyone. (present participle in the progressive aspect)
      It won’t stop being a problem until someone does something about it. (present participle in the progressive aspect)
    • Been is the past participle, used in the perfect aspect. In Middle English, it was also the infinitive.
      It’s been that way for a week and a half.
  • In archaic or obsolete forms of English, with the pronoun thou, the verb be has a few additional forms:
    • When the pronoun thou was in regular use, the forms art, wast, and wert were the corresponding present indicative, past indicative, and past subjunctive, respectively.
    • As thou became less common and more highly marked, a special present-subjunctive form beest developed (replacing the regular present subjunctive form be, still used with all other subjects). Additionally, the form wert, previously a past subjunctive form, came to be used as a past indicative as well.
  • The forms am, is, and are can contract with preceding subjects: I’m (“I am”), ’s (“is”), ’re (“are”). The form are most commonly contracts with personal pronouns (we’re (“we are”), you’re (“you are”), they’re (“they are”)), but contractions with other subjects is possible; the form is contracts quite freely with a variety of subjects. These contracted forms, however, are possible only when there is an explicit, non-preposed complement, and they cannot be stressed; therefore, contraction does not occur in sentences such as the following:
    Who’s here? —I am.
    I wonder what it is.
    I don’t want to be involved. —But you are involved, regardless.
  • Several of the finite forms of be have special negative forms, containing the suffix -n’t, that can be used instead of adding the adverb not. Specifically, the forms is, are, was, and were have the negative forms isn’t, aren’t, wasn’t, and weren’t. The form be itself does not, even in finite uses, with “not be” being used in the present subjunctive and “do not be” or “don’t be” (or, in dated use, “be not”) being used in the imperative. The form am has the negative forms aren’t, amn’t, and arguably ain’t, but all of these are in restricted use; see their entries for details.
  • Outside of Standard English, there is some variation in usage of some forms; some dialects, for example, use is or ’s throughout the present indicative (supplanting, in whole or in part, am and are), and/or was throughout the past indicative and past subjunctive (supplanting were).
Quotations
替代形式(Alternative forms)
同义词(Synonyms)
翻译(Translations)

See be/translations § Verb.

来源参考(References)

词源2(Etymology 2)

A variant of by which goes back to Middle English be (variant of Middle English bi).

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

be

  1. (dialectal, possibly dated) Alternative form of by. Also found in compounds, especially oaths, e.g. begorra.
    • 1851, Oliver Ormerod, Felley fro Rachde:
      O ful tru un pertikler akeawnt o... th' greyt Eggshibishun. Be o felley fro Rachde.
    • 1860, Henry Baird, The Song of Solomon in the Devonshire Dialect, i 8:
      Go thy way vorth be tha vootsteps uv tha vlock.
    • 1870, Joseph Philip Robson, Evangeline: The Spirit of Progress, 332:
      Aw teuk me seat be day an' neet.
    • 1870, Roger Piketah, Forness Folk 44:
      Fetchin' it yan... be a round about rooad.
    • 1878, John Castillo, Poems in the North Yorkshire Dialect, 35:
      Like a leeaf be firm decree / Mun fade an' fall.
    • 1885, Alfred Lord Tennyson, To-morrow:
      ‘I'll meet you agin to-morra,’ says he, ‘be the chapel-door.’

来源参考(References)

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “BE” in Joseph Wright, editor, The English Dialect Dictionary:[…], volume I (A–C), London: Published by Henry Frowde,[…], publisher to the English Dialect Society,[…]; New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1898, →OCLC.

变位词(Anagrams)

Albanian

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-Albanian *bẹðə < *baidā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoydʰ-eh₂ < *bʰeydʰ- (“to persuade”).[1] Compare Old English bād (“pledge, expectation”), Proto-Slavic *bě̄dà, Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō), Latin foedus.

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be f (indefinite plural be, definite singular beja, definite plural betë)

  1. oath
  2. vow, swearing

衍生词(Derived terms)

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ Schumacher, Stefan; Matzinger, Joachim, Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 2013, →ISBN, page 236

Balinese

名词(Noun)

be

  1. fish
  2. meat, fish, tofu, egg (everything that is eaten with rice except vegetables)

Basque

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be inan

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.
变化形式(Declension)
Declension of be (inan, -V)

查看更多(See also)

Blagar

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. pig

来源参考(References)

Catalan

词源1(Etymology 1)

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be f (plural bes)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.
用法注意(Usage notes)

In some dialects of Catalan, the sounds associated with the letter b and the letter v are the same: [b ~ β]. In order to differentiate be and ve in those dialects, the letters are often called be alta (“high B”) and ve baixa (“low V”).

衍生词(Derived terms)

词源2(Etymology 2)

Onomatopoeic from the sound of a lamb.

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be m (plural bens)

  1. sheep, ram, ewe, lamb; an individual of the species Ovis aries.

Dorasque

名词(Noun)

be

  1. (Changuena, Chumulu, Gualaca) night

来源参考(References)

  • Alphonse Louis Pinart, Vocabulario Castellano-dorasque, Dialectos Chumulu, Gualaca Y Changuina (1890)

Faroese

名词(Noun)

be n (genitive singular bes, plural be)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

变化形式(Declension)

Declension of be
n4 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative be beið be beini
accusative be beið be beini
dative be, bei benum beum beunum
genitive bes besins bea beanna

查看更多(See also)

Guerrero Amuzgo

形容词(Adjective)

be

  1. red

Hungarian

发音(Pronunciation)

副词(Adverb)

be (comparative beljebb, superlative legbeljebb)

  1. in

衍生词(Derived terms)

查看更多(See also)

Iau

名词(Noun)

be

  1. fire

查看更多(Further reading)

Bill Palmer, The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

Ido

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be (plural be-i)

  1. The name of the Latin script letter B/b.

查看更多(See also)

Italian

发音(Pronunciation)

  • IPA(key): /ˈbe/
  • Rhymes: -e
  • Hyphenation: bé

名词(Noun)

be f (invariable)

  1. (regional) Obsolete form of bi

来源参考(References)

  • be in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Japanese

罗马化(Romanization)

be

  1. Rōmaji transcription of べ (hiragana)
  2. Rōmaji transcription of ベ (katakana)

Karajá

名词(Noun)

be

  1. water

来源参考(References)

  • David Lee Fortune, Gramática Karajá: um Estudo Preliminar em Forma Transformacional

Latin

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

bē f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter B.

相关搭配(Coordinate terms)

来源参考(References)

  • Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Lithuanian

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

be (with genitive)

  1. (shows absence of something) without
  2. besides; but, except

反义词(Antonyms)

Malagasy

形容词(Adjective)

be

  1. big; great
    Antonym: kely
  2. many; numerous

中古英语(Middle English)

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Old English bēon.

动词(Verb)

be

  1. Alternative form of been

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Old English bēo.

名词(Noun)

be

  1. Alternative form of bee

词源3(Etymology 3)

From Old English bēo, bēom, first-person singular of bēon, from Proto-Germanic *biumi, first-person singular of *beuną,

动词(Verb)

be

  1. first-person singular present indicative of been
用法注意(Usage notes)
  • Less common than am.

词源4(Etymology 4)

From Old English bēo, singular subjunctive of bēon.

动词(Verb)

be

  1. singular present subjunctive of been
派生词(Descendants)
  • English: be
  • Scots: be

Etymology 5

From Old English bēo, 2nd-person singular imperative of bēon, from Proto-Germanic *beu, 2nd-person singular imperative of *beuną.

动词(Verb)

be

  1. singular imperative of been
派生词(Descendants)
  • English: be
  • Scots: be

Etymology 6

Old English bēoþ (with the -þ replaced with an -n levelled in from the past and subjunctive, then lost), present plural of bēon (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *biunþi, third-person present plural of *beuną (“to be, become”).

替代形式(Alternative forms)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. plural present of been
用法注意(Usage notes)

The usual plural form of been is aren in the North, been in the Midlands, and beth in the South; sind also existed, especially early on, but was not the predominant form in any area.

派生词(Descendants)
  • English: be (obsolete or dialectal as the plural)
  • Scots: be

Mòcheno

词源(Etymology)

From Middle High German wec, from Old High German weg, from Proto-West Germanic *weg, from Proto-Germanic *wegaz (“way, path”). Cognate with German Weg, English way.

名词(Noun)

be m

  1. path, way

衍生词(Derived terms)

来源参考(References)

Norwegian Bokmål

词源(Etymology)

From Old Norse biðja

动词(Verb)

be (imperative be, present tense ber, passive bes, simple past ba or bad, past participle bedt, present participle beende)

  1. to pray
  2. to ask something of someone

同义词(Synonyms)

衍生词(Derived terms)

关联词(Related terms)

来源参考(References)

  • “be” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
  • “be” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Norwegian Nynorsk

替代形式(Alternative forms)

词源(Etymology)

From Old Norse biðja. Akin to English bid.

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

be (present tense ber, past tense bad, supine bede or bedd or bedt, past participle beden or bedd, present participle bedande, imperative be)

  1. to pray
  2. to ask something of someone

衍生词(Derived terms)

关联词(Related terms)

来源参考(References)

  • “be” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • “be” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Occitan

名词(Noun)

be f (plural bes)

  1. bee (the letter b)

Old English

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-Germanic *bi.

发音(Pronunciation)

Preposition

be

  1. about (concerning)
  2. by, in various senses:
    1. near or next to
    2. not later than
    3. based on, according to

Old Irish

替代形式(Alternative forms)

  • (2nd sg. pres. subj.): ba

动词(Verb)

be

  1. second-person singular present subjunctive of is
  2. first-person singular future of is
  3. second-person singular future of is

Old Prussian

Conjunction

be

  1. and
    wāiklis be mērgā - a boy and a girl

Preposition

be

  1. without

Phalura

词源(Etymology)

From Sanskrit वयम् (vayam, “we”).

发音(Pronunciation)

代词(Pronoun)

be (personal, Perso-Arabic spelling بےۡ)

  1. we (1pl nom)

来源参考(References)

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem, Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, 2011, →ISBN
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley, “(11302)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, 1969–1985

Polish

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

be n (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

形容词(Adjective)

be (indeclinable, comparative bardziej be, superlative najbardziej be)

  1. (childish) bad, not suitable, not eatable

感叹语(Interjection)

be

  1. (onomatopoeia) A sound of a sheep

查看更多(Further reading)

  • be in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

词源(Etymology)

Onomatopoeic.

感叹语(Interjection)

be

  1. baa (sound made by sheep or goats)

Savi

词源(Etymology)

From Sanskrit वयम् (vayam).

代词(Pronoun)

be

  1. we; first-person plural personal pronoun

来源参考(References)

  • Nina Knobloch, A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎[4], Stockholm University, 2020

Scots

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Middle English been, from Old English bēon. The various forms have different further etymologies:

Cognates include English be.

替代形式(Alternative forms)

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. to be
动词变化形式(Conjugation)
    Conjugation of be (highly irregular, suppletive)
    Northern Scots conjugation of be (highly irregular, suppletive)

词源2(Etymology 2)

See the etymology of the main entry.

发音(Pronunciation)

Conjunction

be

  1. Alternative form of by

来源参考(References)

  1. ^ “be, v..” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
  2. ^ “by, prep., adv., conj..” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.

Serili

名词(Noun)

be

  1. water

来源参考(References)

  • Roger Blench, The Enggano (in notes)
  • ABVD (as 'bɛ)
  • ASJP (as bE, representing bɛ)

Slovene

词源(Etymology)

Probably from the German name of the letter B (pronounced [beː]).

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

bẹ̑ m inan

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

Inflection

Masculine inan., soft o-stem
nom. sing. bé
gen. sing. bêja
singular dual plural
nominative bé bêja bêji
accusative bé bêja bêje
genitive bêja bêjev bêjev
dative bêju bêjema bêjem
locative bêju bêjih bêjih
instrumental bêjem bêjema bêji

同义词(Synonyms)

Sotho

词源(Etymology)

From Proto-Bantu *-bɪ́ɪ̀.

形容词(Adjective)

be

  1. bad

Spanish

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

名词(Noun)

be f (plural bes)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.
    Synonyms: be larga, be alta, be grande, be de burro
    Coordinate terms: uve, ve corta, ve baja, ve chica, ve de vaca

词源2(Etymology 2)

Echoic.

名词(Noun)

be m (plural bes)

  1. baa (bleating of a sheep)

查看更多(Further reading)

Swedish

替代形式(Alternative forms)

词源(Etymology)

From older bedja, from Old Swedish biþia, from Old Norse biðja, from Proto-Germanic *bidjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ-. Cognate with Danish bede, Icelandic biðja, English bid, Dutch bidden, German bitten.

发音(Pronunciation)

动词(Verb)

be (present ber, preterite bad, supine bett, imperative be)

  1. to ask for, request someone else to do something
  2. to pray
  3. to beg, to plead with someone for help or for a favor

动词变化形式(Conjugation)

Conjugation of be (class 5 strong)
Conjugation of bedja (class 5 strong, dated)

关联词(Related terms)

Tarao

替代形式(Alternative forms)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. bean, beans

来源参考(References)

  • 2002, Chungkham Yashwanta Singh, Tarao Grammar

Turkish

词源1(Etymology 1)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B.

查看更多(See also)

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Arabic بَاء‎ (bāʾ).

名词(Noun)

be

  1. Letter of the Arabic alphabet: ب

词源3(Etymology 3)

感叹语(Interjection)

be

  1. (very informal) hey there, hey! you! (implying disapproval of the addressee’s actions)
  2. strengthening of the preceding sentence
    Bu yük çok ağır be! ― My, this load is very heavy

Tzotzil

发音(Pronunciation)

  • (Zinacantán) IPA(key): /ɓɛ/

名词(Noun)

be

  1. road, path, way

来源参考(References)

Vietnamese

发音(Pronunciation)

词源1(Etymology 1)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

名词(Noun)

be

  1. wine flask
    Rượu ngon chẳng quản be sành.
    Good wine does not mind a terracotta flask.

词源2(Etymology 2)

Borrowed from French beige.

形容词(Adjective)

be

  1. beige
    chiếc áo mưa màu be — a beige raincoat

词源3(Etymology 3)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. To build a mud embankment with one's hands.
  2. To prop up the lip of a sack while topping off the sack, to ensure a more generous quantity.
    lấy tay be miệng đấu khi đong đỗ — to surround the top of a measure with one's hands while measuring beans
    Đong bình thường, không được be đâu đấy. — Measure it out normally; don't prop up the lip of the sack.

词源4(Etymology 4)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

动词(Verb)

be

  1. To hug a boundary or riverbank.
    Thuyền be theo bờ sông.
    The boat hugged the riverbank.

Etymology 5

Onomatopoeic

感叹语(Interjection)

be • (𠻻, 𠾦)

  1. (onomatopoeia) bleat; baa
关联词(Related terms)

来源参考(References)

"be" in Hồ Ngọc Đức, Free Vietnamese Dictionary Project (details)

West Makian

名词(Noun)

be

  1. water

来源参考(References)

  • C. L. Voorhoeve, The Makian Languages and Their Neighbours (1982)

Zia

名词(Noun)

be

  1. mouth

Zou

发音(Pronunciation)

名词(Noun)

bè

  1. bean

来源参考(References)

  • Lukram Himmat Singh, A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, 2013, page 40

Zulu

词源(Etymology)

From -ba (“to be”).

发音(Pronunciation)

IPA(key): /ɓe/

动词(Verb)

-be

  1. (auxiliary) forms continuous tenses [+participial]
    Ngesonto elilandelayo ngizobe ngisebenza kakhulu.
    Next week I will be working a lot.

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

用法注意(Usage notes)

In past tenses, this auxiliary is usually contracted.

Ngibe ngihamba → Bengihamba "I was walking." (recent past)

Ngabe ngihamba → Ngangihamba "I was walking." (remote past)

来源参考(References)

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi, “-ɓe”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, 1972, →ISBN: “-ɓe”


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