【fruit】在多语言下的意思、翻译、词源、用法、例句

英语(English)

词源(Etymology)

From Middle English frute, fruit, fruct, fruyt, frut (“fruits and vegetables”), from Old French fruit (“produce, fruits and vegetables”), from Latin fructus (“enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income”) and frūx (“crop, produce, fruit”) (compare Latin fruor (“have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of, to have enjoyment of”). Cognate with English brook (“to bear, tolerate”) and German brauchen (“to need”). Displaced native Middle English ovet ("fruit", from Old English ofett; see English ovest), Middle English wastom, wastum ("fruit, growth", from Old English wæstm), and Middle English blede ("fruit, flower, offspring", from Old English blēd; see English blead).

Picture dictionary
banana pear apple apple grape orange peach apricot raspberry blueberry
Click on labels in the image food tree Other fruits (not depicted above) cherry lemon pineapple melon plum

发音(Pronunciation)

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: fro͞ot, IPA^(key): /fɹuːt/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /fɹut/

• Audio (US)

• Audio (UK)

• Audio

• Rhymes: -uːt

名词(Noun)

fruit (countable and uncountable, plural fruits) (see Usage notes for discussion of plural)

1. (often in the plural) In general, a product of plant growth useful to man or animals.
2. Specifically, a sweet, edible part of a plant that resembles seed-bearing fruit (see next sense), even if it does not develop from a floral ovary; also used in a technically imprecise sense for some sweet or sweetish vegetables, such as the petioles of rhubarb, that resemble a true fruit or are used in cookery as if they were a fruit.
3. (botany) A product of fertilization in a plant, specifically:
   1. The seed-bearing part of a plant, often edible, colourful and fragrant, produced from a floral ovary after fertilization.
   2. The spores of cryptogams and their accessory organs.
   • 1640, John Parkinson, Theatrum botanicum: the Theater of Plants; or, An Herball of a Large Extent, London, page 1063:

     [A]fter the flower is past commeth the fruit in long pods, every seede bunching out like the pods of Orobus and as bigge almost as the smaller Pease.

4. An end result, effect, or consequence; advantageous or disadvantageous result.

   His long nights in the office eventually bore fruit when his business boomed and he was given a raise.

   • c. 1593, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third:[…]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene i]:

     the fruit of rashness

   • 1611, The Holy Bible,[…] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker,[…], OCLC 964384981, Isaiah 3:10:

     They shall eat the fruit of their doings.

   • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 20, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323:

     The fruits of this education became visible.

5. (attributive) Of, belonging to, related to, or having fruit or its characteristics; (of living things) producing or consuming fruit.

   the fresh-squeezed fruit juice; a fruit salad; an artificial fruit flavor; a fruit tree; a fruit bat

6. (dated, colloquial, derogatory) A homosexual man; (derogatory, figuratively) an effeminate man. [1900]
7. (archaic) Offspring from a sexual union.

   Blessed art thou amongst women and blessed is the fruit of thy womb.

   The litter was the fruit of the union between our whippet and their terrier.

   • c. 1591–1592, William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt,[…]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene iv]:

     King Edward's fruit, true heir to the English crown

用法注意(Usage notes)

• In the botanical and figurative senses, fruit is usually treated as uncountable:

  a bowl of fruit; eat plenty of fruit; the tree provides fruit.

• fruits is also sometimes used as the plural in the botanical sense:

  berries, achenes, and nuts are all fruits; the fruits of this plant split into two parts.

• When fruit is treated as uncountable in the botanical sense, a piece of fruit is often used as a singulative.
• In senses other than the botanical or figurative ones derived from the botanical sense, the plural is fruits.
• The culinary sense often does not cover true fruits that are savoury or used chiefly in savoury foods, such as tomatoes and peas. These are normally described simply as vegetables.

衍生词(Derived terms)

关联词(Related terms)

• fructose
• frugivore
• frugivorous

派生词(Descendants)

• Bislama: frut
• Jamaican Creole: fruut
• → Japanese: フルーツ (furūtsu)

翻译(Translations)

动词(Verb)

fruit (third-person singular simple present fruits, present participle fruiting, simple past and past participle fruited)

1. To produce fruit, seeds, or spores.
   • 1910, Canada Experimental Farms Service, Report of the Dominion Experimental Farms:

     It may be said, however, that the percentage of green apples among the Fameuse seedlings is much less than among the others as out of 33 Fameuse seedlings which had fruited up to this year, none was green and we recollect but one light coloured Fameuse seedling fruiting this year.

   • 1998, Randy Molina & David Pilz, Managing Forest Ecosystems to Conserve Fungus Diversity and Sustain Wild Mushroom Harvests, →ISBN, page 10:

     For example, chanterelles and russulas can start fruiting in early to mid summer given sufficient moisture, but other species, such as matsutake, rarely fruit until temperatures cool in the autumn, even if moisture is available earlier.

   • 2014, David Mitchell, The Bone Clocks, →ISBN, page 12:

     The grass and weeds come up to my waist and the plum trees are already fruiting up, though most of the fruit'll go to the wasps and the worms, Vinny says, 'cause he can't be arsed to pick it.

翻译(Translations)

查看更多(See also)

• Category:Fruits for a list of fruits

查看更多(Further reading)

• Fruit on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• List of fruits on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

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Catalan

词源(Etymology)

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin fructus.

发音(Pronunciation)

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈfɾujt/

名词(Noun)

fruit m (plural fruits)

1. A fruit.

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Dutch

发音(Pronunciation)

• IPA^(key): /frœy̯t/

• audio

• Hyphenation: fruit
• Rhymes: -œy̯t

词源1(Etymology 1)

From Middle Dutch fruut, froyt, from Old French fruit, from Latin frūctus. Doublet of vrucht.

名词(Noun)

fruit n (uncountable)

1. (usually collective) fruit (produced by trees or bushes, or any sweet vegetable; only literal sense)

同义词(Synonyms)

• ooft (archaic)
• vrucht (also metaphorical result)

衍生词(Derived terms)

• boomfruit
• fruitachtig
• fruitig
• fruitmand
• fruitpap
• fruitpers
• fruitschaal
• fruitsoort
• fruitsuiker
• fruittaart
• fruitvlieg
• steenfruit

关联词(Related terms)

• grapefruit

词源2(Etymology 2)

From Middle Dutch fruten, older friten (“to fry”), from Old French frit, past participle of frire (“to fry”).

动词(Verb)

fruit

1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of fruiten
2. imperative of fruiten

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French

词源(Etymology)

From Middle French fruict, alteration of Old French fruit, from Latin frūctus (“enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income”), a derivative of fruor (“have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrug- (“to make use of, to have enjoyment of”).

发音(Pronunciation)

• IPA^(key): /fʁɥi/

• Audio "un fruit" (Western France)

• Homophone: fruits

名词(Noun)

fruit m (plural fruits)

1. fruit

衍生词(Derived terms)

• fruitier
• fruitière
• fruiterie

派生词(Descendants)

• Haitian Creole: fwi

查看更多(Further reading)

• “fruit” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

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中古英语(Middle English)

名词(Noun)

fruit (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of frute

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Old French

词源(Etymology)

From Latin fructus.

发音(Pronunciation)

• IPA^(key): /fryjt/

名词(Noun)

fruit m (oblique plural fruiz or fruitz, nominative singular fruiz or fruitz, nominative plural fruit)

1. fruit
   • circa 1170, Christian of Troyes, Érec et Énide

     Oisiaus et veneison et fruit

     bird, venison and fruit

派生词(Descendants)

• Gallo: frut
• Middle French: fruict
  • French: fruit
    • Haitian Creole: fwi
• Norman: frit
• Picard: frut
• Walloon: frut
• → Middle Dutch: fruut, froyt
  • Dutch: fruit
• → Middle English: frute, fruit, fruct, fruyt, frut, freut
  • English: fruit
    • Bislama: frut
    • Jamaican Creole: fruut
    • → Japanese: フルーツ (furūtsu)
  • Scots: fruit, frute
  • → Cornish: frut